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Insights into Biotechnological Approaches for Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Effluents
Published in Gunjan Mukherjee, Sunny Dhiman, Waste Management, 2023
The use of microorganisms for treating oil refinery effluents has recently demonstrated efficient and impressive results. The biological treatment of oil refinery wastewater is very much dependent on the nature and the activity of microbes. Oily wastewater represents a critical problem in petroleum industry owing to its COD and high content of oil. Microbial biodegradation of hydrocarbon contaminants originating from petroleum industry represents one of the key mechanisms in pollution mitigation. Lately, fungi proved to be superior degraders of petroleum effluents than using bacteria (Singh and Singh 2019). Degradation potential of several fungi have been investigated in bioremediation methodologies. Filamentous fungi produce variety of enzymes, which facilitate their growth, increase biomass production, and lead to extensive development of hyphae. Filamentous fungi possess high surface-to-cell ratio, which makes them better candidates for degrading a wide range of pollutants.
Role of Microorganisms in Performance Optimization of WWTPs
Published in Maulin P. Shah, Wastewater Treatment, 2022
Moupriya Nag, Dibyajit Lahiri, Sayantani Garai, Dipro Mukherjee, Rina Rani Ray
The biological wastewater treatment methods involve insights on several new aspects like bioremediation of wastewater using various bioreactor management systems, mycoremediation, phytoremediation, vermifiltration and vermicomposting, etc. Biological remediation, or bioremediation, refers to the treatment techniques wherein living organisms, mostly microbes and bacteria, are used. The mechanism of bioremediation involves mineralization and detoxification, thereby converting inorganic compounds to water carbon dioxide and methane. The metabolic potential of microbes and plants is utilized for effective removal or alteration of toxic chemicals into non-toxic forms (Glazer and Nikaido 1995). Microbial biodegradation is one of the major strategies used for bioremediation of organic compounds and heavy metals present in wastewaters.
Bioremediation of Polluted Soil
Published in Volodymyr Ivanov, Environmental Microbiology for Engineers, 2020
Bioremediation is an application of microbial biodegradation capability to clean up contaminated sites. In the majority of cases, petroleum products are involved in the pollution of sites. The major problems of bioremediation are as follows: absence of indigenous soil microorganisms capable to degrade soil pollutantoxygen requirements for microbial growth and oxidationsoluble inorganic nutrients requirements for microbial growthplugging of soil pores with microbial biomass
Implications of microbial adaptation for the assessment of environmental persistence of chemicals
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2019
Baptiste A. J. Poursat, Rob J. M. van Spanning, Pim de Voogt, John R. Parsons
Microbial degradation is one of the major processes that affects persistence of chemical pollutants in the environment (Alexander, 1981). The terms biotransformation or biodegradation refer to enzyme-catalyzed reactions that result in the structural modification of an organic chemical (primary biodegradation) or its complete breakdown to CO2 and water (ultimate biodegradation) (Kolvenbach, Helbling, Kohler, & Corvini, 2014). Microbial biodegradation of organic chemicals may occur either via growth-linked degradation or via co-metabolism. Growth-linked biodegradation, also called metabolic degradation, is the process where microorganism use the chemical as sole carbon and free energy source (Liu, Helbling, Kohler, & Smets, 2014; Tran, Urase, Ngo, Hu, & Ong, 2013). Co-metabolic degradation, on the other hand, is the process where the chemical is metabolized in cells that grow on another type of carbon and free energy source, usually a compound with biochemical features that resemble the chemical (Kassotaki, Buttiglieri, Ferrando-Climent, Rodriguez-Roda, & Pijuan, 2016; Peng, Qu, Luo, & Jia, 2014; Tran et al., 2013).
Synergistic plant-microbes interactions in the rhizosphere: a potential headway for the remediation of hydrocarbon polluted soils
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019
Michael Dare Asemoloye, Segun Gbolagade Jonathan, Rafiq Ahmad
Adequate information and full implementation of combined plant-microbial biodegradation technique with a good understanding of kinetics, rate, pathways, models and some other factors like metabolism and enzyme involved in this technique may become a landmark success for remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Therefore, this review article is aimed at elucidating the abilities of biodegradation method particularly the synergistic plant-microbial bioremediation mechanism as environment-friendly and cheap clean-up of hydrocarbons in many crude oil polluted sites.
Leptolyngbya fragilis ISC 108 is the most effective strain for dodecane biodegradation in contaminated soils
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019
Mahboobe Ghanbarzadeh, Vahid Niknam, Neda Soltani, Hasan Ebrahimzadeh
Microbial biodegradation has been identified as the most desirable and effective technology to eliminate or detoxify oil pollutants from contaminated ecosystems as compared to other chemical and physical methods (Chekroun et al.2014; Pi et al.2015; Gkorezis et al.2016; Hammed et al.2016). Many studies have reported the ability of microorganisms to degrade aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons as growth substrates (Mishra and Singh 2012; Olajire and Essien 2014).