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Groundwater Remediation
Published in Kathleen Sellers, Fundamentals of Hazardous Waste Site Remediation, 2018
This basic design has many variations, most commonly: A french drain does not contain a pipe to convey the water; the water is simply transmitted through the gravel in the trench.The downgradient side of the trench may be lined with a geomembrane (e.g., high-density polyethylene, a type of plastic) to prevent inflow of water from the down-gradient side.A plastic drainage material may be placed in the trench rather than gravel backfill. Sheets of corrugated plastic are placed vertically in the trench to provide drainage.Filter fabric can exclude LNAPL from the trench, and as a result may be omitted from the design of an interceptor trench designed to collect LNAPL.
Golf Course Construction and Renovation
Published in L.B. (Bert) McCarty, Golf Turf Management, 2018
French drains. French or slit drains are a modification of subsurface drainage lines. French drains involve digging a drainage trench and then backfilling with either gravel and/or coarse sand. The top 2 to 4 inches (5 to 10 cm) of the French drain trench should be filled with coarse sand to serve as a growing medium for the turfgrass. This sand should be compacted prior to installing sod to decrease the amount of settling that will occur over time. If sod is installed, its soil should be removed by washing prior to installation to minimize any negative impact from introducing dissimilar soil from the sod onto the sand medium. French drains have the advantage of being easily installed at a fraction of the cost of tile lines.
The past, present, and future of blind inlets as a surface water best management practice
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2020
Chad Penn, Javier Gonzalez, Mark Williams, Doug Smith, Stan Livingston
“The simplest kind of inlet, a blind inlet, (or French drain), is constructed by backfilling over a subsurface drainline to the surface with gravel or crushed stone. The stone is pervious enough to permit water to enter the drain line very rapidly, but the gravel may become filled with eroded soil in a short time. Blind inlets are economical to install and may be satisfactory for surface drainage on small watershed areas for a few years. They operate best when constructed by backfilling the drain trench with a graduation of gravel and rock, the coarse material at the bottom near the pipe followed by gradually finer material as the trench is filled. Using a filter fabric to line trenches will also improve the life of blind inlets”.