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Jet Fuels
Published in Mark J. Kaiser, Arno de Klerk, James H. Gary, Glenn E. Hwerk, Petroleum Refining, 2019
Mark J. Kaiser, Arno de Klerk, James H. Gary, Glenn E. Hwerk
Smoke point provides an indication of the relative smoke-producing properties of jet fuels and is related to hydrocarbon composition. Generally, the more aromatic the jet fuel, the smokier the flame. A high smoke point indicates a fuel with low smoke-producing tendency. Smoke point is correlated with flame radiation, hot-parts life, engine soot, and smoke formation. As the smoke point increases, part life is extended and sometimes significantly. ASTM D1322, Smoke Point of Kerosine and Aviation Turbine Fuel, is based on burning a sample in a wick-fed lamp. The smoke point is the maximum height of flame that can be achieved without smoking. Military jet fuels require a smoke point of 19 mm minimum for JP-5 and JP-8.
Studying of different supported metal catalysts for bio-JET production
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2022
Zoltán Eller, Zoltán Varga, Jenő Hancsók
The lowest smoke point value of the target products was 25.0 mm (Figures 9 and 10). This means all of the obtained jet fuel products fulfill the requirement of the international standards from this aspect. Products of highest smoke point were produced from feedstock containing 50% waste coconut oil (49.6 mm with NiMo/Al2O3 and 45.0 mm with CoMo/Al2O3) at 340 °C and 1.0 h−1. Smoke point was highly improved due to forming n-paraffins in the special hydrocracking of triglycerides and cycloparaffins in the aromatic saturation reactions. The high smoke point means less particle formation and lower flame temperature. These lead to lower particle emission, which causes lower ratio in damaged of engine parts due to the erosion effect of particles and high flame temperature.