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Applications of Nano-Biocomposite Materials as Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Finishing Agents for Packaged Food Products
Published in Mohd Yusuf, Shafat Ahmad Khan, Biomaterials in Food Packaging, 2022
Md. Aftab Alam, Rizwana Khatoon, Shamsul Huda, Niyaz Ahmad, Pramod Kumar Sharma
There is strong clarity about TiO2 nanoparticles-based nanofilms [10]. Oxygen leads to the degradation of many foods directly or indirectly. Active oxidation reactions, for instance, cause fruit browning and vegetable oils to be rancid. Food spoilage by aerobic microbes is the passive activity of oxygen itself. Consequently, it is possible to keep very low oxygen rate by incorporating oxygen scavenger in the food pack, which is beneficial for many purposes, as it increases food’s shelf life [36]. Numerous definitions of active packaging focused on nanocomposite films for O2 and ethylene scavenging have been examined or the direction of O2 diffusion has been restricted [37–39].
Downstairs
Published in Michael Allaby, Conservation at Home, 2019
Salt, pepper, sugar, spices, herbs and gravy browning are all additives, and most food additives are very necessary. Antioxidants, for instance, are used to prevent oils from oxidizing and becoming rancid — when they go rancid oils can produce poisons, some of which are cancer-forming. Other preservatives are used to prevent food from spoiling between harvest and the time it is eaten, and colours are sometimes added to make food more appetizing and thus more digestible. Most colours are taken from plants, and are therefore quite ‘natural’.
Effect of feedstock, impurities, and rancidity on likelihood of spontaneous combustion of oil and biodiesel
Published in Biofuels, 2022
Brian Hanson, Dev S. Shrestha, Chad Dunkel
Two feedstocks (WVO and raw linseed oil) were selected. WVO represents highly variable but commonly used feedstock and linseed oil represents a high unsaturated feedstock. Iodine number is a method used to define the number of unsaturated bonds of an oil. A higher iodine number indicates more unsaturated bonds. Oils with the highest iodine values dry most quickly and form the hardest films [13]. Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil, is a very unsaturated fuel with a high percentage of 18:3 molecules in its fatty acid profile. Linseed oil typically has an iodine number around 188 compared to around 130 for WVO. Half of the raw oils were converted into their methyl esters to create two types (Raw oil or Biodiesel) of parent feedstocks. These four parent stocks were further divided into fresh and rancid and characterized as rancidity attributes. The rancid stock was prepared from fresh biodiesel or oil as described in the fuel preparation section.
Drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips
Published in Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 2021
Elif Aykın-Dinçer, Büşra Atlı, Özge Çakmak, Seda Canavar, Ayşegül Çalışkan
It was found that TBARS values of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips increased significantly (P < .01) depending on the increase in temperature and microwave power. This might result from the transfer of melting fats up to the surface during water molecule vaporization and also from acceleration of fat acid oxidation due to contact with oxygen. While oxidation of meat fat contributes to typical flavor of dried meat products, the excessive rancid flavor that results from advanced level oxidation might cause problems for consumers. In many studies on meat drying, it is reported that TBARS value increases with the increase in drying temperature (Kilic 2009; Gao et al. 2016; Jiang et al. 2016). Meat is sensitive to microwave treatment due to low specific heat of the fat and heats up very fast. For this reason, microwave treatment might trigger fat oxidation in meat (Inchingolo et al. 2013). In a similar study, TBARS value was found to be 11.75 mg MDA/kg in samples that were dried at 10 W power while it was 22.77 mg MDA/kg in samples dried at 25 W (Chaijan et al. 2017). Contrary to this study, Fu et al. (2015) found that TBARS values decreased with the increase in microwave power (approximately from 52 W to 360 W) in microwave dried fish chips. Such difference is probably due to sample temperature being higher in microwave-assisted hot air drying process and such temperature triggering the fat oxidation more.
Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Process Parameters for Dairy Washed Milk Scum Biodiesel Production
Published in Biofuels, 2021
H. V. Srikanth, J. Venkatesh, Sharanappa Godiganur
The gas chromatographic results, characteristics and fatty acid profiles of DWMS biodiesel are presented in Tables 1 and 6, and Figure 13. From Table 6, it was observed that the specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, acid value and flash point of biodiesel are in good agreement with the specified American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM D6751-5C) standards. The degree of unsaturation of an oil or fat can be measured by its iodine value. The possibility for an oil or fat to become rancid is very high if the degree of unsaturation is high. It was observed from the chromatographic studies of biodiesel that the weight percent of unsaturated fatty acid is less when compared to the saturated fatty acid of DWMS biodiesel, which indicates the DWMS biodiesel is less prone to oxidation. However, it is known that the higher the saturated fatty acid content is in the biodiesel, the poorer are the biodiesel's low-temperature properties. As shown in Table 2, the cloud point of DWMS biodiesel is 17°C, which does not meet the specified ASTM D6751-5C standard of a maximum of 12°C (Table 6). The cetane number and calorific value are the essential characteristics that decide the ignition quality and heat release rate of the biodiesel. The cetane number of DWMS biodiesel (63.59) and the calorific value (40,115kJ/kg) are in good agreement with the ASTM D6751-5C standard. The acid number and copper strip corrosion values are also very important characteristics of biodiesel, which indicate corrosive effects of the fuel on engine parts. It can be seen from Table 2 that both these values are within specified standards, indicating low corrosive effects of DWMS biodiesel as fuel for CI engines. From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the DWMS oil is a suitable feedstock for production of biodiesel.