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Multiplexed immunoassays by flow cytometry for detection of clenbuterol, chloramphenicol and sulfadimidine with high sensitivity and selectivity
Published in Matthew Laudon, Bart Romanowicz, 2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007, 2019
Yuan Zhao, Mingqiang Zou, Haixia Gao, Qiang Xue, Peng Zhou
Clenbuterol (2-[tert-butylamino]-l-[4-amino-3,5-dichloro-phenyl]-ethanol hydrochloride) is a major β-agonist drug reported to be used for illegal purposes in man and animals. The use of clenbuterol (CL) to improve athletic performanceis banned by the sport authorities[1]. CL is also fraudulently used to promote growth in meat-producing animals[2–5]. The most serious adverse effect of chloramphenicol is bone marrow depression. Serious and fatal blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, hypoplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia) are known to occur after the administration of chloramphenicol. An irreversible type of marrow depression leading to aplastic anemia with a high rate of mortality is characterized by the appearance weeks or months after therapy of bone marrow aplastia or hypoplasia. Peripherally, pancytopenia is most often observed, a reversible type of bone marrow depression, which is dose related, may occur. This type of marrow depression is characterized by vacuolization of the erythroid cells, reduction of reticulocytes and leukopenia, and responds promptly to the withdrawal of chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is categorised by the IARC (International Agency for Research
Critical evaluation of rate coefficients for hydroxyl radical reactions with antibiotics: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2018
László Wojnárovits, Tünde Tóth, Erzsébet Takács
Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections e.g., tetracycline-resistant cholera (Fig. 7). It was first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venezuelae but now produced synthetically. This simple structured molecule was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic discovered. Chloramphenicol acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic (Martindale, 1989). Its degradations in different AOP's are frequent subject of investigations. The molecule has two asymmetry centers on the side chains with weak hydrogen atoms, these hydrogens can be easily abstracted by radicals. Another target of •OH is the ring. The first degradation products are ring or side chain hydroxylated molecules (Csay et al., 2012).