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Cancer Diagnosis from Histopathology Images Using Deep Learning: A Review
Published in Ranjeet Kumar Rout, Saiyed Umer, Sabha Sheikh, Amrit Lal Sangal, Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Computational Biology, 2023
Vijaya Gajanan Buddhavarapu, J. Angel Arul Jothi
Song at al. proposed a parallel network called a synchronized asymmetric hybrid deep autoencoder network (Syn-AHDA) that simultaneously detected and classified erythroid and myeloid cells from bone marrow trephine histology images [84]. This model was novel as it combined both detection and classification of cells using a single DL network thereby reducing the training time. The architecture was based on the fact that both the detection and the classification networks rely on the same high level features. The Syn-AHDA network was built using a stacked autoencoder (AE) neural network. The network consisted of the following four subnetworks: an input network, a connection network, a classification network and a detection network. The input network extracted high level features from the input image (I). These features were then fed to the classification and the detection network via the connection network. The F1 scores of the proposed model for the detection and the classification tasks were 0.9466 and 0.8795, respectively. The model was accurate when compared with other DL architectures for detection and classification tasks and also exhibited reduced training time. Moreover, the model performed better in identifying irregularly shaped cells.
Mechanical testing
Published in C M Langton, C F Njeh, The Physical Measurement of Bone, 2016
Christopher F Njeh, Patrick H Nicholson, Jae-Young Rho
Proper preparation of the specimen for mechanical testing requires several key tools. A band saw with a 6.5 mm (14in) fine tooth blade is an invaluable general resource for preparing gross bone sample for testing. For making small, cylindrical bone specimens for compression testing, a tabletop drill press with a trephine bit is sufficient. A wheel grinder/polisher is also a useful tool in final preparation of bone specimens in which specific dimensions must be identical.
Carbonate apatite artificial bone
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2021
Kunio Ishikawa, Koichiro Hayashi
The first human clinical trial was performed at three university hospitals in patients requiring sinus floor augmentation [33,34]. Figure 7 illustrates the procedure for two-stage sinus floor augmentation [34]. After the sinus floor membrane was elevated with a mucosal elevator, CO3Ap granules were placed in the elevated space (Figure 7(b)). Implant placement was planned for 8 ± 2 months after the augmentation. Prior to implantation, a bone biopsy can be performed using a trephine bur (Figure 7(c)).