China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
in vivo monitoring of peristalsis in the human gut
Published in P. Dakin John, G. W. Brown Robert, Handbook of Optoelectronics, 2017
We have also used our high-resolution catheters to examine the effects of interventions upon colonic function. In patients with fecal incontinence, a novel treatment known as sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) has been shown to dramatically improve the patients’ ability to maintain continence of their stool. However, the action of SNS is still a matter of conjecture. In a recent study on SNS, our data have revealed that in patients with fecal incontinence, this stimulation increased the locally controlled retrograde propagating motor patterns in the distal parts of the colon. This is presumed to reduce premature rectal filling, which in turn helps the patient to maintain continence (Patton et al. 2013).
Systematic review on gastric electrical stimulation in obesity treatment
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Alimujiang Maisiyiti, Jiande Dz Chen
Although GES has a great potential for treating obesity, no device has been approved by the FDA up till now. While a number of medical devices have been developed and numerous efforts have been made to commercialize these devices for treating obesity, there are fundamental problems with GES for obesity in comparison with other successful neuromodulation therapies, such as deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease, vagal nerve stimulation for epilepsy, spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain and sacral nerve stimulation for overactive bladder. In all these clinically approved neuromodulation methods, electrical stimulation is uniquely applied to nerves. The nerve, no matter which kind, has a short time constant and therefore responds to electrical stimulation quickly. That is, short pulses in the order of a few hundred microseconds are sufficient for neuromodulation. By carefully examining all published studies, one could easily conclude that none of stimulation pulses has been of a width wider than 1 ms.
Current development and clinical applications of artificial anal sphincter
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Minghui Wang, Yunlong Liu, Qingjun Nong, Hongliu Yu
Over the past 20 years, numerous developments have been made in the surgical therapies available to treat FI. The traditional surgical approach is sphincteroplasty, which is limited to a small group of patients with isolated defect of the external sphincter. Sacral nerve stimulation and artificial anal sphincter are innovative surgical therapies, which should be restricted to highly selected patients [16–18]. Colostomy is effective and well-accepted surgical therapy to treat FI, if other therapies fail or the patient is not suitable for the previously described conservative or surgical therapies [19–21].
Sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of overactive bladder: systematic review and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Sam Tilborghs, Stefan De Wachter
Assuming each side of the bladder has its own physiological neuronal organization, some authors studied the effect of bilateral SNM [142,143]. If unilateral neuromodulation fails, bilateral sacral nerve stimulation could potentially be effective to restore treatment efficacy [144–147].