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Thresholding of Biomedical Images
Published in Venkatesan Rajinikanth, Nadaradjane Sri Madhava Raja, Nilanjan Dey, A Beginner's Guide to MultiLevel Image Thresholding, 2020
Venkatesan Rajinikanth, Nadaradjane Sri Madhava Raja, Nilanjan Dey
The early detection of pneumonia and the probable treatment execution will reduce the death rate in humans. The lung infection due to pneumonia is normally assessed using imaging procedures such as the CT and Chest Radiographs (X-ray). In these procedures, the patient is screened using a chosen imaging method, and after the screening process, the doctor will examine the chest images and based on his observation, a possible treatment procedure is implemented. Due to its significance, a number of procedures for detecting pneumonia are already proposed and implemented by the researchers [24–26]. Figure 8.11 and 12 depicts the lung CT scan images and its processing.
Biological and Biochemical Analysis of Bacteria and Viruses
Published in Christopher S. Cox, Christopher M. Wathes, Bioaerosols Handbook, 2020
Andreas Hensel, Klaus Petzoldt
The number of microorganisms present in ambient air is used as a parameter to assess hazards to public health.11 High levels of microbial air contaminants increase the risk of lung infection by depressing the clearance capacity of the respiratory tract.12,13 The taxonomic diversity of potentially aerosolized bacteria and viruses means that several prerequisites for sampling and identification facilities are necessary.
A data sharing method for remote medical system based on federated distillation learning and consortium blockchain
Published in Connection Science, 2023
Ning Li, Ruijie Zhang, Chengyu Zhu, Wei Ou, Wenbao Han, Qionglu Zhang
We validate the efficacy of the FedRMD algorithm with the COVID-19 radiography (Chowdhury et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2021) and COVID-Chestxray (Cohen et al., 2020) dataset. COVID-19 radiography dataset has 3616 COVID-19 positive cases along with 10,192 normal, 6012 Lung Opacity (Non-COVID lung infection), and 1345 viral pneumonia images. COVID-Chestxray dataset is created by assembling medical images from websites and publications and currently contains 123 frontal view X-rays. To build an open public dataset of chest X-ray and CT images of patients which are positive or suspected of COVID-19 or other viral and bacterial pneumonias. In all experiments, the neural network model is ResNet-18 (He et al., 2016).
COVID-19 lung infection detection using deep learning with transfer learning and ResNet101 features extraction and selection
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Raja Nadir Mahmood Khan, Lal Hussain, Ala Saleh Alluhaidan, Abdul Majid, Kashif J. Lone, Rufat Verdiyev, Fahd N. Al-Wesabi, Tim Q. Duong
The second dataset (Dataset-02) from common datasets, such as the RSNA, SIRM, TCIA and Radiopaedia, contains common pneumonia X-rays to train our proposed DL models to distinguish COVID-19 from other lung infection disease. The CXR images of COVID-19 (N = 975) were taken from Cohen et al. available at GitHub [12], Radiopaedia (https://radiopaedia.org/), TCIA (https://www.cancerimagingarchive.net/) and SIRM. The CXR images of pneumonia (N = 3863) and CXR of normal (healthy) (N = 1525) were taken from the Kaggle repository (https://www.kaggle.com/paultimothymooney/chest-xray-pneumonia) and the National Institute of Health (NIH) dataset (https://www.kaggle.com/nih-chest-xrays/data).
Oxidative desulfurization utilizing activated carbon supported phosphotungstic acid in the frame of ultrasonication
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2023
Gerje Ronelle H. Barilla, Charles Adrian W. Chen, Martin Zechariah M. Valencia, Nathaniel P. Dugos, Angelo Earvin Sy Choi
Crude oils such as gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, and diesel are invaluable in the technological advancement of industrial and transportation sectors. This type of fuel oils has an elemental composition of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other metals. In the aspect of sulfur content of the fuel oil, this is composed of benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and its alkylated derivatives (Fan et al. 2021). Sulfur reaction in the combustion process forms sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide gas. The exposure of the sulfur dioxide to oxygen in saturated air can result in the formation of sulfuric acid that leads to air pollution in the form of acid rain or acid deposition. Moreover, sulfur oxides are also commonly emitted from the combustion of coal and in the process of burning fossil fuels (Pan 2019). Sulfur oxides from these sources can cause a detrimental impact on the environment and health. In terms of the public health concerns, this can cause multiple chronic and acute respiratory tract ailments that include asthma, bronchitis, lung infection, and other inflammations of functional organs (Tahir et al. 2021). Sulfur oxides can also damage the catalytic converters inside vehicles that are responsible for volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide oxidation reactions (Naseri et al. 2021). Thus, it is essential to take immediate actions to prevent the negative externalities of sulfur emissions toward society and the environment. Currently, stringent environmental regulations to decrease the sulfur content to 10 ppm in fuel oils are implemented in China, European Union, Japan, and the United States (Yu et al. 2021). Furthermore, even third world countries such as the Philippines are using sweet crude. This is due to the implementation of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources administrative order no. 2015-04 that declares fuel oils sold by petroleum companies should be under the Euro 4 standard- 50 ppm sulfur (DENR 2015).