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Novel Microbial Compounds as a Boon in Health Management
Published in Jyoti Ranjan Rout, Rout George Kerry, Abinash Dutta, Biotechnological Advances for Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Nanotechnology, 2022
Shubha Rani Sharma, Rajani Sharma, Debasish Kar
The fungal infection affects not only the animal kingdom rather the plant kingdom is equally affected. The fungal infection may affect only a part of the body or may have life-threatening a result. Lots of chemicals have been formulated having antifungal activity. But with the demand for eco-friendly action, microbes were exploited to extract antifungal compounds. Microbes produce such compounds as secondary metabolites. Some of them use it as their defense mechanism and also inhibit the growth of other microbes nearby. This provides them an optimal amount of space and nutrition. A different mechanism is applied to inhibit or kill the fungus. Based on their action mechanism, compounds are classified as cell wall synthesis inhibitors, sphingolipid synthesis inhibitors, and protein inhibitors.
Molds
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
The results obtained with the different tests carried out in this work are summarized in Table 1.10. The presence of fungal macromolecules such as fungal antigens (proteins) and DNA is taken as good evidence of fungal infection. Although the existence of anti-Candida antibodies does not constitute good proof of disseminated candidiasis, the presence of these antibodies may be of interest to provide an indication of the humoral immune response. Therefore, it is concluded that there are signs of chronic fungal infestation in the majority of MS patients. Only two patients were classified as negative (patients 5 and 6) and one as uncertain (patient 8). Future additional samples in these patients may reveal long-term fungal infection.
Pathogenic microorganisms related to human visits in Altamira Cave, Spain
Published in Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez, The Conservation of Subterranean Cultural Heritage, 2014
V. Jurado, L. Laiz, S. Sanchez-Moral, C. Saiz-Jimenez
In caves, air, walls and sediments are contaminated. Fungi enter the body via inhalation of conidia from the environment (wind or excavation dust, which is of particular relevance for archaeological excavation inside caves, digging, direct contact, etc.) into the lungs or by direct contamination from the fingers when touching cave sediments or walls. Fungal allergen exposure is associated with severe asthma, and species of Aspergillus, Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Epicoccum, Penicillium and Rhizopus are relevant allergens (Bush < Portnoy 2001). The fungal infections can be particularly life-threatening in those with compromised immune systems.
Development of nanoemulsion gel based formulation of terbinafine for the synergistic antifungal activity: Dermatokinetic experiment for investigation of epidermal terbinafine deposition enhancement
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2021
Prabhu Raut, Shobhit Kumar, Babar Iqbal, Javed Ali, Sanjula Baboota
Superficial cutaneous infections caused by Candida species, Malassezia species, dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte (dermatomycoses) are the most common fungal infectious diseases that affect large number of human population (20–25%) across the world.[1] It shows a major public health problem in countries with hot and humid climate. There are many oral and topical antifungal agents available for the treatment of fungal infections. Topical treatment offers several benefits such as targetability, requirement of low dose, improvement in patient compliance, avoidance of first pass metabolism and minimal drug related toxicities.[2] But in case of topical antifungal treatment the efficacy of treatment depends on the skin penetration and effective drug concentration in different skin layers.[3]
Synthesis and evaluation of novel benzimidazole derivatives as potential anti bacterial and anti fungal agents
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2021
Vishwajeet Amarsingh Pardeshi, Sultan Pathan, Amit Bhargava, Narendra Singh Chundawat, Girdhar Pal Singh
Recently, the incidence of systemic fungal infection has become an important complication and a significant cause of disorder and fatality in immune-compromised individuals such as patients going through anticancer chemotherapy or organ transplants. In recent therapeutic chemistry and drug designing [1,2], benzimidazole is becoming the first choice for researchers and scientists because of its potential biological activity [3]. Therefore, it becomes an interesting impression for medicinal chemistry researchers. Most of the types of scaffolds are known for their multiple beneficial uses such as their anti-inflammatory [4–6] antibacterial [7–11] antifungal [12–15] antioxidant [16–21] antimalarial [22], anticancer [23,24], antiparastitic [25]. According to the mechanism and from the known six classes of antifungal agents: ergosterol (fungal) synthesis inhibitors (which are class of azoles: voriconazole, fluconazole, and ketoconazole) Figure 1, glucan mixture inhibitors (caspofungin and echinocandins), ergosterol interfering (polyenes antibiotics: amphotericin B), squalene epoxidase inhibitors (terbinafine and naftifine), chitin combination inhibitors (nikkomycin), and nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors (5-fluorocytosine).
Green formulation, characterization, antifungal and biological safety evaluation of terbinafine HCl niosomes and niosomal gels manufactured by eco-friendly green method
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Katayoun Morteza-Semnani, Majid Saeedi, Jafar Akbari, Shakiba Hedayati, Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hashemi, Seyyed Mobin Rahimnia, Amirhossein Babaei, Mona Ghazanfari, Iman Haghani, Mohammad Taghi Hedayati
The principle of skin hygiene and beauty may be related back to the birth of humanity [1,2]. Among the most prevalent dermatological situations observed in medical care are superficial fungal infectious diseases of the skin, so principal treatment clinicians must be aware of them. Nevertheless, getting accurate diagnoses can be challenging since these diseases can be revealed unusually or be misdiagnosed with similar disorders [3]. The majority of accessible oral and local therapies are utilized to treat superficial fungal infections disorder [4]. Pharmaceutical medications used for treating superficial fungal infections belong to one of three classes including, imidazoles, allylamines, and polyenes [3].