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The WELL® Building Standard
Published in Traci Rose Rider, Margaret van Bakergem, Building for Well-Being, 2021
Traci Rose Rider, Margaret van Bakergem
Simply put, the endocrine system is the system responsible for hormones, which regulate a whole host of body processes including reproduction, growth, immunity, metabolism, and more. Chronic health conditions associated with the endocrine system include diabetes, Hashimoto’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and more. Impact factors for the endocrine system include stress (as usual), environmental toxins, and nourishment. The immune system is another vastly complex system that helps to keep the body well-balanced – as they all do. This system is easily impacted by common stressors such as sleep, hygiene, diet, and stress. Harvard Medical School identified several ways to support your immune system including not smoking, eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables, exercising regularly to maintain a healthy weight, getting adequate sleep, washing hands frequently, minimizing stress, and more. Many of these can be impacted by the built environment and workplace policies in some way, either in the actual physical environment design and construction, the operation of the buildings over time, or in workplace policies that seek to support the holistic health of the building occupants.
Controlled Release of Hormones by Pellet Implants
Published in Emmanuel Opara, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems, 2020
Hormones are biological molecules secreted by the endocrine glands, circulate in the blood stream, and influence the target cell by using specific receptors. Almost every cell of our body is a target for one or more than one hormone. Hormones function as chemical messengers used by endocrine system to communicate and coordinate between various organ systems in the body. Hormones govern various physiological, morphological, and behavioral phenomena. The pleiotropic potential of hormones –that is their capacity to regulate multiple traits simultaneously – renders them particularly suited to control complex physiological and phenotype changes (Hau 2007). Studying the effect of a given hormone system in an experimental setup has been there for centuries. In one of the first endocrine experiments ever recorded, Professor Arnold A. Berthold (1803–1861) of Gottingen did a series of tests on roosters in 1849 while he was curator of the local zoo. Berthold found that a rooster’s comb is an androgen-dependent structure. Following castration, the comb atrophies, aggressive male behavior disappears, and interest in the hens is lost. Importantly, Berthold also found that these castration-induced changes could be reversed by administration of a crude testicular extract (or prevented by transplantation of the testes). Similarly, in 1889 Brown-Séquard reported the effect of testicular extract from animals in humans (Brown 1889).
Body Systems: The Basics
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
The endocrine system, a collection of glands located throughout the body, secretes hormones (chemical products that target specific organs or tissues in the body) directly into the bloodstream. Insulin, secreted by specialized cells of the pancreas (a digestive system component located near the posterior body wall of the abdomen), is an example of a hormone. It is necessary for the body to properly process and use sugars from the diet. A deficit of natural insulin or insulin function causes the disease diabetes. The endocrine system controls other essential body functions, like the female menstrual cycle, sperm and egg production, and pregnancy. The designer may not design specifically for the glandular structures of the endocrine system but may design products for the areas of the body that are affected by the system, such as feminine hygiene products to absorb menstrual blood.
Quality and safety of South African hand sanitisers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
W. de Bruin, M. C. van Zijl, N. H. Aneck-Hahn, L. Korsten
Excipients may also have endocrine-disruptive properties. The endocrine system regulates all biological processes in the body, including growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Endocrine disruptors are linked to neurological and behavioural disorders, obesity and metabolic dysfunction, reproductive disorders, and hormone-sensitive cancers (WHO/UNEP 2013). Endocrine disruptors that may be present in hand sanitisers include triclosan, benzophenone-4, and nonylphenol. Triclosan can be absorbed by the skin and has been detected in blood, urine, and breast milk samples. Various in vivo and/or in vitro studies demonstrated the estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, androgenic, and anti-thyroid activities of triclosan, benzophenone-4, and nonylphenol (Kunz and Fent 2006; Olaniyan et al. 2016).