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Methodology and Clinical Implementation of Ventilation/Perfusion Tomography for Diagnosis and Follow-up of Pulmonary Embolism and Other Pulmonary Diseases
Published in Michael Ljungberg, Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging for Physicists, 2022
The lung circulation has a distinct architecture, where a single end-artery supplies each broncho-pulmonary segment and sub-segment. Emboli are usually multiple, occluding the arteries, causing segmental or sub-segmental perfusion defects within still-ventilated lung areas. The result is a so-called mismatch, as shown in Figure 14.1.
Effectiveness of hearing protection apparatus in preventing noise induced vestibular loss
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Süha Ertugrul, Emre Soylemez, Tuğçe Gurel
It is well known that individuals exposed to high-intensity noise for a long time experience sensorineural hearing loss. In previous studies, the effects of noise on the cochlea, the pathophysiology of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and protection methods from the harmful effects of noise have been revealed (Le et al. 2017) The inner ear, which contains the end organs responsible for hearing, also includes peripheral vestibular structures (Golz et al. 2001). Both systems are in the same membranous labyrinth, and the feeding of both systems occurs through the same end artery. Therefore, noise can affect vestibular structures and hearing organs (Golz et al. 2001). Studies have reported the prevalence of self-reported dizziness between 13.2% and 30.9% in workers exposed to occupational noise (Golz et al. 2001; Ogido et al. 2009; Al Kindy 2017). However, the effect of noise on the vestibular system has generally been ignored and less studied. Therefore, noise-induced vestibular loss (NIVL) remains an unknown aspect of occupational diseases. Vestibular damage can lead to falls and fatal injuries, especially in workers (Kilburn et al. 1992).