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Emerging IoT Applications
Published in Ambikapathy, R. Shobana, Logavani, Dharmasa, Reinvention of Health Applications with IoT, 2022
N. Vedanjali, Pappula Rajasri, Mahima Rajesh, V.R. Anishma, G. Kanimozhi
Dialysis and kidney transplant are the major treatments for kidney failure. Dialysis is outlined as the removal of excess water, solutes, and contaminants from a patient's blood whose kidneys do not perform these functions on their own. It is also called renal replacement therapy. The three different types of dialysis are haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).
Hemodialysis Membranes for Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects
Published in Sundergopal Sridhar, Membrane Technology, 2018
N.L. Gayatri, N. Shiva Prasad, Sundergopal Sridhar
Dialysis is a process of the diffusion of solutes brought about by creating a concentration gradient across the membrane. Hemodialysis is a process of diffusion of uremic toxins, such as creatinine and urea from the blood, into the dialysate flowing across the membrane. When kidney function is impaired or fails in a patient, it leads to the accumulation of high levels of uremic toxins in the blood. Hemodialysis is a process where these uremic toxins in blood are removed using a hemodialyzer. The other two available treatments are peritoneal dialysis (PD) and kidney transplantation. Hemodialysis provides a life support system for patients suffering from end-stage renal syndrome (ESRD). The reasons for HD’s being a more common choice for ESRD treatment compared to PD are:
Current Trends in Membrane Science
Published in Mihir Kumar Purkait, Randeep Singh, Membrane Technology in Separation Science, 2018
Mihir Kumar Purkait, Randeep Singh
Kidney failure halts all processes carried out by a working kidney and results in the accumulation of harmful waste and fluids in the body. Kidney failure could be due to infection, hypertension, diabetes, or medications. The solution for kidney failure is the transplant of a healthy kidney from a healthy donor, but, generally, it is not possible due to the nonavailability of a suitable donor. Therefore, often the only option available is the use of an artificial kidney.
Patients’ and care partners’ perspectives on the design of a vascular connection for a mobile dialysis device
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2023
Auður Anna Jónsdóttir, Siena Firestone, Larry Kessler, Ji-Eun Kim
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the medical condition of permanent kidney failure. The ideal treatment is to replace a patient’s failed kidney with a functioning one. However, ESRD patients in the United States who have benefited from a functioning kidney transplant comprise only 30% of the ESRD population of the past decade (United States Renal Data System, 2021). Patients who do not receive transplants undergo dialysis treatments to sustain their lives. The majority of ESRD patients in the United States receive hemodialysis treatments in which a patient’s blood is filtered outside the patient’s body using a dialysis machine. The dialysis machine removes, cleans, and returns the patient’s blood to their body. At the end of 2019, a total of 566,614 individuals were receiving dialysis treatments. Of this population, 87% were receiving in-center hemodialysis treatments, 11% were receiving peritoneal dialysis treatments in which a patient’s blood is filtered inside their abdomen, and only 2% were receiving home-based hemodialysis treatments (United States Renal Data System, 2021).
Clinical risk assessment of chronic kidney disease patients using genetic programming
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Arvind Kumar, Nishant Sinha, Arpit Bhardwaj, Shivani Goel
The kidney is one of the essential organs of the human body. The most critical work of the kidney is to make out dangerous and poisonous materials from the body and controlling water and minerals in the body as per its requirement. Malfunctioning in the kidney may create many serious diseases. These diseases happen when kidneys are unable to perform correctly. In this scenario, kidneys cannot remove waste materials, and extra water from the body, which results in multiple complicates in the body. Decreased kidney functionality that continues longer than three months is called chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is one of the most severe health issues in the world. More than 37 million adult population of America is influenced by CKD (Report 2019; Stats 2017). Other countries also have similar situations (Hill et al. 2016). CKD may create multiple other diseases directly and indirectly. Patients having CKD symptoms are found as lessor social support and cognitive ability compared to non-CKD individuals (Martini et al. 2018). Cardiovascular disease is also the intricacy of CKD (Olechnowicz-Tietz et al. 2013). Arterial stiffness (AS), also known as the artery’s aging marker, is also found in CKD patients (Ma et al. 2015). For making the best possible health care decisions, disease prediction is an essential criterion for many medical organizations (Ampavathi and Saradhi 2020). Early detection of CKD can prevent many patient’s life. For early detection, proper knowledge of disease symptoms is vital. By utilizing the disease laboratory tests, symptoms, and history, a urologist (doctor) can diagnose CKD early (Akben 2018).
What patients and care partners want in a wearable dialysis device: a mixed-methods study
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2022
Auður Anna Jónsdóttir, Larry G. Kessler, Seung-Yeon Rim, Ji-Eun Kim
End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a medical condition that requires a patient to either have a kidney transplant or adhere to long-term dialysis treatments. At present, more than 2 million people worldwide receive dialysis treatments; however, the number is expected to double over the next decade (Liyanage et al., 2015). Current dialysis systems have not been significantly updated since Willem Kolff developed a prototype in 1943. Patients carry a high symptom burden, and factors such as the time spent connected to a dialysis machine with limited mobility and the loss of independent living affect patients’ quality of life (Himmelfarb et al., 2020). Moreover, current dialysis procedures often require care partners to share the responsibility of attending and adhering to treatments. The Center for Dialysis Innovation (CDI) at the University of Washington (UW) is developing and designing a personalized wearable dialysis device, the Ambulatory Kidney to Improve Vitality (AKTIV), to allow patients with ESRD to undergo continuous dialysis.