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Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Published in Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White, Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White
Coventry and Tapper [42] reported six patients in whom late sacroiliac instability developed after bone graft harvesting of the posterior iliac crest. Authors reporting this late complication have postulated that the posterior sacro-iliac ligaments must have been transected during the graft harvest. Chronic Pain and Dysesthesia
Screening and Pharmacological Management of Neuropathic Pain
Published in Suvardhan Kanchi, Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Mashallah Rezakazemi, Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications, 2022
Manu Sharma, Ranju Soni, Kakarla Raghava Reddy, Veera Sadhu, Raghavendra V. Kulkarni
Neuropathic pain is also known as neuralgia which emerges due to damage in one or many nerves affecting the somatosensory nervous system either centrally or peripherally. Central neuropathic pain usually occurs due to spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, etc., whereas peripheral neuropathy is generally associated secondary to multiple etiologies like diabetes, infections, chemotherapy-associated, herpes zoster infection, complex regional pain syndrome, amyloid neuropathy, and many more. The nature of neuropathic pain may be intermittent or constant and spontaneous or provoked. It is usually sensed by the sufferer as itching, tingling, and shooting like an electric shock, burning, and pricking sensation [14]. It can persist for extended periods of time without improvement or apparent utility for the body. It has been characterized by different signs and symptoms like allodynia, hypoalgesia, hyperalgesia, paresthesia, and dysesthesia [15,16].Allodynia is a kind of neuropathic pain experienced with a touch or stimulus which generally does not induce pain. For example, slightly touching on the face and brushing hairs may provoke pain in individuals with trigeminal neuralgia, or bedclothes pressure can induce pain in patients with diabetic neuropathy.Hypoalgesia is a condition of reduced pain or numbness from a painful stimulus.Hyperalgesia is a dreadful condition of pain from a stimulus or touch which causes slight discomfort.Paraesthesia is a neuropathic pain condition where the patient usually has uncomfortable or distressing feelings of pricking needles or electric shock although nothing is in contact.Dysesthesia is an extemporaneous or induced unusual abnormal disagreeable sensation.
Endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a comprehensive review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Yong Ahn, Myung Soo Youn, Dong Hwa Heo
Previous studies on endoscopic TLIF reported good or excellent relief of radiculopathy and low-back pain. The most common outcome measures were the pain score on the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and outcome rating on a four-point scale (excellent, good, fair, poor). The mean preoperative VAS scores ranged from 5.33 to 8.3 for leg pain and from 6.17 to 7.85 for back pain, whereas the mean postoperative VAS scores at the final follow-up ranged from 0.17 to 2.2 for leg pain and from 0.67 to 3.0 for back pain. The mean preoperative ODI score ranged from 42.3% to 69.4%, whereas the postoperative ODI score at the final follow-up ranged from 15% to 34.3%. As a reduction of more than 2 points in the VAS score and more than 20% in the ODI score are considered as clinically relevant [39,40], the above-listed data demonstrate that endoscopic TLIF achieves clinically relevant improvement in symptoms. According to the overall outcome rating on the four-point scale, excellent or good outcomes were obtained in 76%–95.2% of patients. The overall rate of complications was 13.2% (range, 0%–38.6%), which included residual pain, postoperative dysesthesia, motor weakness, dural tear, hematoma, infection, and hardware failure. The overall rate of reoperation was 6.09% (range, 0%–26.32%). Fusion rate varied substantially across studies, ranging from 53.8% to 100%. We could not find significant differences among the three endoscopic TLIF techniques regarding clinical outcomes, fusion rate, or complication rate. The operative data and clinical outcomes are summarized in Table 2.