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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection in which the skin appears red, warm, swollen, and painful to the touch. Ascending lymphangitis may also be present. Streptococci or staphylococci are the most likely causes. Severe cases of bacterial cellulitis can produce tissue damage, necrosis, disseminated infection, septic shock, and death. Nearly one in every three diagnoses of bacterial cellulitis is incorrect, however, resulting in the misuse of antibiotics.29 Cellulitis must be differentiated from pseudocellulitis.30 Since localized skin warmth is a characteristic feature of true cellulitis, thermography may help differentiate these conditions.
Flies as a potential vector of selected alert pathogens in a hospital environment
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Krzysztof Skowron, Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg, Agata Białucha, Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska, Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda, Zuzanna Kraszewska, Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
We have also found W. chitiniclastica, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Raoultella planticola, M. wisconsensis and P. shigelloides. W. chitiniclastica was isolated from the gut and the surface of Musca domestica. De Dios et al. (2015) identified for the first time W. chitiniclastica species in the clinical material in 2015 in the United States, using MALDI TOF MS. In turn, Raoultella spp. is responsible for open wound infections, cellulitis, osteomyelitis and bacteremia. R. planticola is a very rare human pathogen, with only 29 cases of infections associated with this microorganism reported in 2017 (Mehmood et al. 2018). In our study, we isolated R. planticola and R. ornithinolytica from Calliphora vicina. Studies on drug susceptibility of R. planticola and R. ornithinolytica strains isolated from patients in the University Hospital No. 1 dr. A. Jurasza in Bydgoszcz (Poland) were conducted by Sękowska et al. (2020). Researchers found nine strains of R. ornithinolytica and five strains of R. planticola ESBL-positive (Sękowska et al. 2020). In our study, strains of the genus Raoultella were ESBL negative.
Application of infrared thermography as a complementary technique to conventional imaging techniques in paediatrics: case studies
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2019
Olga Benavent Casanova, Francisco Núñez Gómez, Jose Ignacio Priego Quesada, Rosa María Cibrián Ortiz De Anda, Rolando de Jesús González Peña, Mª Fe Mínguez Rey, Laura Pino Almero, Rosario Salvador Palmer
A prospective, descriptive study was undertaken on four children affected by haemangioma, osteomyelitis and abscess on the left foot, orbital cellulitis and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, respectively. A protocol was drawn up for taking the thermographic images adapted to protocols referring to adults (Sillero-Quintana et al. 2015a). The study was approved by the Hospital’s Ethical Scientific Committee. The parents or legal representatives of the patients gave their consent for participating in the study and for the use of human images for research purposes.
Detection of ferric ions in a gram-positive bacterial cell: Staphylococcus aureus
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2020
Erendra Manandhar, Ashley D. G. Johnson, William M. Watson, Shelby D. Dickerson, Gyan S. Sahukhal, Mohamed O. Elasri, Frank R. Fronczek, Peter J. Cragg, Karl J. Wallace
The synthesis of chemosensors to selectively detect biologically and environmentally essential ions is an area of extensive interest [1–3]. Iron is one of the most abundant metal ions in the human body, with 3–6 g present in the average adult living in the United States [4]. It is found predominantly in the +2 and +3 oxidation states and plays significant biological roles in the cell [5] where it is present at approximately 50–100 μM (3 to 6 ppm) [3, 6]. The ferrous ion is utilized in oxygen metabolism, electron transfer, and DNA and RNA synthesis [7]. The ferric ion is less abundant but is nevertheless a critical metal ion, typically found in metallobiomolecules [8]. Also, a fraction of iron is “loosely” bound to organic anions (phosphates, citrates, carbonates, and carboxylates), polyfunctional ligands (polypeptides and siderophores), and surface components of membranes (phospholipid head groups) [9–11]. This can lead to labile iron pools (LIP's) of free iron [7]. Moreover, iron can readily undergo redox reactions with molecular oxygen forming both Fe2+ and Fe3+ in these LIPs [10, 12]. The labile iron is a source for metabolic reactions that occur within the cell and is a site for generation of highly reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals via Fenton chemistry [13]. These highly reactive radicals can interact with many biologically important compounds such as sugars, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids resulting in peroxidative tissue damage. It is also suggested the cellular toxicity caused by Fe3+ is potentially linked to conditions such as Alzheimer's [14], Huntington's [15], and Parkinson's diseases [16, 17]. Conversely, deficiency of Fe3+ leads to anemia, kidney and liver damages, diabetes, and heart disease [18, 19]. Small-molecule recognition of iron in eukaryotic cells has been explored by Kumar [20, 21], Bhalla [22, 23], Kim [24, 25], Bernhardt [5, 26], Bruckner [27], Raymond, [28–30], Hider [31], and Critchon [29, 30], but, despite the role that iron plays in prokaryotic cells, i.e. bacterial cells, surprisingly few examples exist [32, 33]. The growth of many bacteria such as Neisseria meningitidis depends on the availability of iron [34]. Iron influences cell composition, metabolism, enzyme activity, and host cell interactions, including pathogenicity. The main functions of iron in the bacteria cell are catalytic [32, 35–37]. Iron often acts as a co-factor for different proteins whereby it can influence other components in the bacterial cell [38, 39]. For example, iron deficiency in Mycobacterium smegmatis decreases DNA and RNA levels [32]. Iron-promoted biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [40] is a significant problem for those with cystic fibrosis while the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis causes pyogenic meningitis and meningococcal septicemia in humans [34]. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for both pneumonia and bacteremia and is the leading causes of skin and soft tissue infections such as abscesses, furuncles, and cellulitis [41].