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Nanomaterials Application in Biological Sensing of Biothreat Agents
Published in Jayeeta Chattopadhyay, Nimmy Srivastava, Application of Nanomaterials in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, 2021
Jayeeta Chattopadhyay, Nimmy Srivastava
➢ Glanders/Melioidosis—This disease is caused by bacteria Burkholderia mallei found in horses but can also cause grievous sickness in humans if transmitted. Transmission cases from horses to human is occasional,
Burkholderia Species
Published in Martin Koller, The Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates, 2020
Natalia Alvarez-Santullano, Pamela Villegas, Mario Sepúlveda, Ariel Vilchez, Raúl Donoso, Danilo Perez-Pantoja, Rodrigo Navia, Francisca Acevedo, Michael Seeger
The ecological diversity of the Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia genera is associated with their large multi-replicon genomes (6–10 Mb), providing them with a metabolic versatility that allows, for example, the degradation of a wide range of aromatic compounds and xenobiotics [11–14]. Their genomes contain an array of insertion sequences that promote genomic plasticity and general adaptability [13,15]. Members of Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia genera have been studied for various biotechnological applications, including bioremediation of pollutants, plant-growth promotion, biocontrol of plant diseases, and synthesis of diverse compounds such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and rhamnolipids [16–18]. Xenobiotic and aromatic-degrading strains have been applied in bioremediation processes [19]. Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400 is capable of degrading a wide range of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and diverse aromatic compounds [20–24]. Paraburkholderia phenoliruptrix AC1109 degrades the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4, which belongs to the BCC, is capable of degrading trichloroethylene, benzene, phenol, toluene, naphthalene, and chloroform [12]. Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia strains that promote plant growth and protect plants from pests have been reported. Burkholderia ambifaria and Paraburkholderia caribensis are diazotrophic species that promote the growth of amaranth grain. Burkholderia rinojensis exhibits biocontrol activity against arthropod pests [25]. Paraburkholderia tropica converts insoluble mineral phosphorus into an available form for plant uptake. Paraburkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN degrades auxin and protects Arabidopsis thaliana against the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae [17,26]. Some species of Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia may be beneficial for their hosts due to their capabilities to fix nitrogen, produce plant hormones or siderophores, and decrease ethylene levels. These species could be used in agriculture to promote plant growth and biocontrol of plant diseases [1,27]. However, specific Burkholderia strains are pathogens for both plants and animals [28]. The BCC includes human, animal, and plant pathogens, isolated from a variety of natural habitats (i.e., plant rhizosphere, soil, river water) and urban environments (i.e., playground). Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, which belong to BCC, are the agents responsible for melioidosis disease, which is a potentially lethal septic infection, and glanders disease, respectively [29]. Conversely, several species of BCC are beneficial to the natural environment. For example, Burkholderia cepacia AMMDR1 protects crop plants against fungal diseases such as root rot caused by Aphanomyces euteiches [30].
Production and characterization of a conserved M2e peptide-based specific IgY antibody: evaluation of the diagnostic potential via conjugation with latex nanoparticles
Published in Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2018
Yasemin Budama-Kilinc, Rabia Cakir-Koc, Burak Ozdemir, Zeynep Kaya, Selim Badur
Latex agglutination assays are easy to apply, low-cost, non-hazardous, nontoxic, able to quickly provide results, and based on the aggregation of latex particles in response to antibody and antigen interactions. Monoclonal antibodies are generally used in latex agglutination assays to diagnose bacteria and viruses and their induced diseases.[61] For example, a latex agglutination assay was used to diagnose several bacteria and viruses such as Leptospira,[62]Burkholderia pseudomallei,[63]Burkholderia mallei,[64]Streptococcus agalactiae,[65]Clostridium difficile,[66]Toxoplasma gondii,[67] rabies virus,[49] swine influenza virus,[68] rotavirus,[69] foot and mouth disease virus,[70] and enterovirus.[71] The current study aims to use anti-M2e IgY antibodies in a latex agglutination test to diagnose the influenza virus considering the advantages of IgY antibodies and M2e peptide.