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Bio-Based Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites
Published in Anish Khan, Mohammad Jawaid, Abdullah Mohammed Ahmed Asiri, Wei Ni, Mohammed Muzibur Rahman, Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites, 2020
Manickam Ramesh, Mayakrishnan Muthukrishnan
MIL-101(Fe) MOF [87] is used for extraction of pesticides from samples of urine and human hair. MIL-101(Fe) MOF structure comprises encapsulated magnetic NPs functionalized in ethylenediamine is also used for extracting some metallic species like Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), and Cr(III) from agricultural samples [88]. Pyrocatechol-embedded magnetic NPs are used for identifying flight/fight hormones like dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine from human urine and serum samples [89,90]. These hormones are released from the adrenal medulla and nervous system when the body is under extreme stress conditions. ZIF-8 MOF using different kinds of magnetic NP sorbents for the extraction of fungicides [91] or phthalate esters [92] prior to chromatographic separation. Magnetic ZIF-8@Fe3O4 sorbent material has been successful in the determination of arsenic in water and milk samples and more than 90% of MSPE samples are recovered.
Human physiology, hazards and health risks
Published in Stephen Battersby, Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, 2016
David J. Baker, Naima Bradley, Alec Dobney, Virginia Murray, Jill R. Meara, John O’Hagan, Neil P. McColl, Caryn L. Cox
The adrenal medulla releases the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine) in response to nerve stimuli that enter the medulla from the sympathetic nervous system. Thus the adrenal medulla is an integral part of the sympathetic nervous system and is intimately involved in the fight or flight responses to stress, where increased sympathetic activity is life saving. It is common to state that a person should have sufficient adrenaline to perform well. The secretions of the hormones from the adrenal medulla are not under the control of the anterior pituitary hormone ACTH.
Human physiology, hazards and health risks
Published in Stephen Battersby, Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, 2023
Revati Phalkey, Naima Bradley, Alec Dobney, Virginia Murray, John O’Hagan, Mutahir Ahmad, Darren Addison, Tracy Gooding, Timothy W Gant, Emma L Marczylo, Caryn L Cox
The adrenal medulla releases the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine) in response to nerve stimuli that enter the medulla from the sympathetic nervous system. The adrenal medulla is an integral part of the sympathetic nervous system and is intimately involved in the fight or flight responses to stress, where increased sympathetic activity is lifesaving. It is common to state that a person should have sufficient adrenaline to perform well. The secretions of the hormones from the adrenal medulla are not under the control of the anterior pituitary hormone ACTH.
The Neurostructure of Morality and the Hubris of Memory Manipulation
Published in The New Bioethics, 2018
In addition to external properties of bodily perception, properties of internal systems can affect the content and quality of mental states (Glannon, 2011, pp. 11–40 esp p. 16). Adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) – catecholamines secreted by the adrenal medulla – have several critical functions in the body. High levels of these hormones can adversely affect the brain. The release of adrenaline into the bloodstream activates noradrenic mechanisms in the amygdala, which promote formation, consolidation, and reconsolidation of unconscious memories of fearful and emotionally charged events. Distinct from the effects on working memory, the release of hormones to form and strengthen memory of a threatening event is adaptive insofar as it enables an individual to avoid similar threats in the future. However, hypersecretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to a traumatic event can consolidate unconscious memory of the event so potently that it results severe psychological conditions, such as PTSD.4 Moreover, these hormones also contribute to the formation and consolidation of episodic memory in the hippocampus and its reconsolidation in the cerebral cortex. Episodic memory involves first-person recall and consists of links between past and present desires, beliefs, intentions, and emotions. Such psychological continuity is the basis of prospective memory, and thus the foundation of narrative identity: the unified set of characteristics and experiences that comprise the one’s distinctive autobiography (Glannon 2011, pp. 12–18).