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List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
AML (acute myeloid leukemia or acute non-lymphocytic leukemia) is a blood cancer that develops in specific types of white blood cells (granulocytes or monocytes). White blood cells are used by the body to fight infections. These blood stem cells originate in a person’s bone marrow. With the development of ALL, the normal development of white blood cells is disturbed and they do not grow properly. Possibly due to some sort of change or damage to their genetic material or DNA, the cells are prevented from growing beyond a certain point. This disturbs their development and affects the differentiation process of cells into functional types of white cells.
A Review on L-Asparaginase
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Per Rytting (2012), acute leukemia occurs when there is malevolent transformation happens in the hematopoietic cells with abnormal existence. The two different cells such as ALL or acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) proliferate unusually, substituting normal bone marrow tissue and hematopoietic cells, which induce anemia, granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia.
GASN: gamma distribution test for driver genes identification based on similarity networks
Published in Connection Science, 2023
Dazhi Jiang, Runguo Wei, Zhihui He, Senlin Lin, Cheng Liu, Yingqing Lin
We evaluate ten cancer types annotated by the TCGA, which consist of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), urothelial bladder carcinoma (BLCA), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma (UCEC), acute myeloid leukemia (LAML), ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with information on the proteins subcellular compartments including the nucleus, golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, peroxisome, extracellular gap, mitochondria, endonucleosome, plasma membrane and 11 other cellular compartments from Binder et al. (2014). The observation FIS used by GASN comes from FISs of mutation assessor (Gnad et al., 2013), which evaluates the functional impact of mutations based on the evolutionary protection of affected amino acids in protein homologs. The more significant the score of mutation assessment, the greater the impact of the mutation on function. To evaluate the predictive power of our model, ideally, we need an accurate, comprehensive, and unbiased gold-standard cancer gene set. Unfortunately, such a cancer gene set is not available, so we collect annotated cancer genes as comparison benchmarks from different publicly available sources, where 2,372 protein-coding cancer genes are downloaded from NCG 6.0 (Repana et al., 2019), and 729 driver genes are downloaded from Cancer Gene Census (CGC) (Sondka et al., 2018).
Exposure to organic solvents and hepatotoxicity
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Cristiano Brauner, Dvora Joveleviths, Mário R. Álvares-da-Silva, Norma Marroni, Silvia Bona, Elizângela Schemitt, Raissa Nardi
Solvents are involved in the rise of toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD), toxicant-associated steatohepatitis (TASH), cirrhosis of the liver and cancer (mainly hepatocellular carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia/exposure to benzene.). [7–12] It is estimated that 8% of industry workers have contact with solvents during their work. And the highest levels of exposure to solvents are found in occupations such as industrial painting, dry cleaning, rotogravure and screen printing, tile fixing and manufacture of glass-reinforced plastic. [13] Absorption usually occurs by inhalation, but in certain situations rapid absorption may occur through dermal exposure (such as exposure to the solvent in liquid form or in works involving industrial painting or degreasing).
Infection level identification for leukemia detection using optimized Support Vector Neural Network
Published in The Imaging Science Journal, 2019
Biplab Kanti Das, Himadri Sekhar Dutta
Blood is very important in the functioning of the human body as the vital functions of the body are carried out using blood. Red Blood Cells (RBC), Platelets, and White Blood Cells (WBC) are the components of blood [1]. A haematological neoplasia disease, Leukemia attacks the blood, tissues, bone marrow, and lymphatic. The reproduction of WBC, which is abnormal without suppressing the cell growth of affected bone marrow is characterized by leukemia [2]. Leukemia is classified into acute leukemia, and chronic leukemia, in which Acute leukemia develops due to the overgrowth of very immature blood cells, and Chronic leukemia develops with the overgrowth of mature blood cells. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) are the two types of acute leukemia blood disease, which need to be detected in the earlier stages. The diagnosis of ALL and AML is tedious as the symptoms of these diseases are similar to other diseases [3,4]. ALL affects the lymphocytes, termed as a group of lymphocytes. ALL is severe in children of age less than five years, and then it declines and develops again after 50 years. As ALL expands rapidly on vital organs and bloodstreams, and causes severe health problems, it must be treated in its early stage in case of children [5].