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Promoting comfort and sleep
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Sleep is a state of rest during which our eyes close, muscles and nerves relax, and our mind becomes unconscious. It is something that we all need, no matter what our age, colour or creed. It can also be something we crave. Sleep deprivation causes a detrimental effect on our health, which can lead to acute and chronic physical and mental health illnesses.
Preconceptual Health
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Nancy L. Eriksen, Kristi R. VanWinden, John McHugh
In adult Americans, reported sleep duration of <6 hours is associated with a variety of poor health outcomes, many of which independently lead to poor pregnancy outcomes. Central obesity, elevated blood sugar, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome have all been associated with short sleep duration.145 And there is a reciprocal relationship between obesity and sleep. Obesity may lead to sleep deprivation by causing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep deprivation may also drive obesity by decreasing leptin levels and increasing ghrelin, thereby stimulating appetite.146,147
Sleep–Wake Disorders
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Margaret Kay-Stacey, Eunice Torres-Rivera, Phyllis C. Zee
Behavioral adaptations: Encouragement of good sleep hygiene (avoid sleep deprivation).Daytime structured naps, if permissible in the work environment.Avoiding Sedentary activities.
Determinants of self-rated health among elderly patients with hypertension: a cross-sectional analysis based on the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2023
Yang Zhou, Yanjing Huang, Aohua Zhang, Guige Yin, Hongjuan Hu
Sleep affects human hormone secretion and metabolic balance, and is an important factor affecting human health (51). In 2015, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Association recommended that the optimal duration of sleep for adults should be at least 7 hours, and recognized that sleep less than 6 hours per night is sleep deprivation or too little sleep, and sleep more than 9 hours per night is too much sleep (52). Both too long and too short duration of sleep has adverse effects on cardiovascular health (53). Studies have shown that both insufficient and excessive sleep can lead to abnormal diurnal variation in blood pressure and increase cardiovascular risk (54). Based on the results of the current study, SRH was good when the duration of sleep was 7 hours and more. Compared with <7 h, > 9 h, the SRH status was the best when the sleep duration was at 7–9 hours. Thus, moderate sleep is crucial to human health. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to sleep in elderly hypertensive patients, popularize information about healthy sleep, strengthen the management of duration of sleep, ensure proper sleep hygiene, and prevent and reduce health problems caused by too little or too much sleep.
Effects of total sleep deprivation on execution lapses during vigilance tasks
Published in Chronobiology International, 2022
Jingqiang Li, Yanru Zhou, Xining Zhang, Qingfu Wang, Lu Zhang
Sleep is essential for maintaining attention when individuals conduct their daily tasks, such as studying and working (García 2020). Sleep deprivation is a state of sleep loss due to environmental or self-induced causes, and total sleep deprivation (TSD) means individuals not being able to sleep at all. TSD results in reduced efficiency of cognitive resources (Stojanoski et al. 2018; Wiggins et al. 2018). When the available cognitive resources are less than required, individuals exhibit lapses in responsiveness. Momentary lapses of responsiveness are disruptions in performance that typically last between 0.5–15 s and frequently impair sustained goal-directed behavior, which is related to attentional mechanisms (Peiris et al. 2011, 2006). They manifest as detection failures, delayed responses, response errors, and microsleep (Buckley et al. 2016). Nowadays, professionals such as pilots and nurses suffer from rhythm disorders and sleep deprivation, which can lead to errors and thereby increase the risk of accidents (Bérastégui et al. 2019; Lopez et al. 2012). They are required to maintain a high level of attention during duty and provide speedy and accurate performance. Therefore, exploring the behavioral characteristics and time nodes of different lapses can provide an essential scientific basis and theoretical support for the monitoring, detection, and prevention of lapses.
Relationship of chronotype and social jetlag with adherence to the Japanese dietary guidelines among workers
Published in Chronobiology International, 2022
Zobida Islam, Akiko Nanri, Shamima Akter, Keisuke Kuwahara, Takako Miki, Dong Van Hoang, Shohei Yamamoto, Ami Fukunaga, Takeshi Kochi, Masafumi Eguchi, Isamu Kabe, Tetsuya Mizoue
The precise mechanism linking social jetlag and chronotype to the adherence to a healthy diet is unclear. As social jetlag implies chronic sleep deprivation on weekdays (Wittmann et al. 2006), sleep deprivation may underlie the association. Sleep deprivation might influence dietary intake by disrupting the secretion of the appetite-regulation hormones––leptin and ghrelin (Al Khatib et al. 2017; Lundahl and Nelson 2015; Noorwali et al. 2019; Potter et al. 2016). Under normal conditions, leptin sends satiety signals to the appetite-control centers in the brain and ghrelin sends signals from the stomach to the brain to stimulate the appetite (Klok et al. 2007; Noorwali et al. 2019). An experimental study in 12 healthy men showed that sleep deprivation resulted in 18% of reduced leptin and 28% of increased ghrelin, indicating altered hormone secretion and increased hunger and appetite, especially following the consumption of high-carbohydrate, energy-dense foods (Spiegel et al. 2004). Sleep deprivation also causes a deficit in impulse control (Rossa et al. 2014), which plays a major role in inhibiting appetite, thought, and social behaviors. Altered impulses may result in impaired decision-making that could lead to poor dietary choices (Lundahl and Nelson 2015).