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Mental Health in Lifestyle Medicine
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Sleep is more than the absence of wakefulness; it is a complex and dynamic process in which the brain engages in activities that affect the mind and body. According to Blackwelder et al. (2021), one-third of adults living in the United States report sleeping less than the recommended amount, and approximately 20% of US adults are living with a mental illness. The United States National Sleep Foundation recommends that all adults get between seven and nine hours of sleep per night, but around 30% report they get six hours or less.
Other Complications of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Sleep apnea may be linked to diabetes, which can repeatedly stop airflow during breathing. Sleep apnea involves loud snoring and pauses in breathing. Overweight patients may have more fat deposits around their upper airways, which obstruct breathing. Untreated or undiagnosed sleep apnea has serious complications. These include diabetes, glaucoma, myocardial infarction, cancer, and cognitive or behavioral disorders.
Autoimmune Disorders across the Lifespan
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Diet has the strongest influence on the gut microbiome which develops in parallel with the immune system. The microbiome promotes intestinal mucosal integrity of the single layer gut epithelium, provides essential nutrients, and protects against pathogens. The typical Western diet causes a shift to dysbiosis, permeability, and inflammation.3 Skeletal muscle is an organ of the immune system that releases anti-inflammatory cytokines. Physical activity improves skeletal muscle function. Inactivity results in a decrease in skeletal muscle function.4 Sleep is a state of physiological restoration. Change in the sleep wake cycle is one of the first responses to inflammation. Sleep deprivation causes an upregulated immune response.5
Sleep is something, not nothing: an interprofessional approach to sleep assessment and treatment to support substance use recovery
Published in Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 2023
Jennifer Gardner, Margaret Swarbrick, Robert H. Kitzinger
Sleep disorders are disorders that involve the quality, quantity and timing of sleep (APA, 2022; American Sleep Association, 2022). Sleep disorders include insomnia disorders, sleep related breathing disorders, hypersomnolence disorders, circadian rhythm sleep or wake disorders, parasomnias, sleep related movement disorders and any other sleep disorder (APA, 2022). Insomnia disorder is the most common sleep disorder that is characterized by dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality associated with difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, as well as early morning waking (APA, 2022). While some individuals with substance use disorders may be diagnosed with one or more of the outlined sleep disorders, the authors have observed that sleep disturbance is more common of an experience for those who are seeking services. Sleep disturbance, in the context of this manuscript, can be viewed in more symptom-related context, which may include physiological, emotional and behavioral impairments. Frequently reported sleep disturbance symptoms, in the authors’ experience, include but are not limited to, difficulty falling and staying asleep, worry about sleep onset and ability to remain asleep, irritability, racing thoughts, staying up late into the night, discomfort and pain associated with withdrawal symptoms, engaging in too much screen time before bed, difficulty creating new or revised sleep schedules and nightmares/bad dreams.
Sleep-promoting activity of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) rhizome water extract via GABAA receptors
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Yejin Ahn, Singeun Kim, Chunwoong Park, Jung Eun Kim, Hyung Joo Suh, Kyungae Jo
Humans spend one third of their lives sleeping. Sleep is crucial in human life; during sleep, the brain relieves mental and physical fatigue acquired during work and processes information to strengthen cognitive functions such as memory (Berkley 2021). However, 30%–35% of the world’s population has temporary sleep disorders, and the ratio is particularly high among women and older adults (Ohayon 2011). Sleep disorders are caused by various factors, such as stress, tension, fear and anxiety, and among these, people in modern society tend to experience stress-induced sleep disorders. In fact, 78% of insomnia patients reported that the insomnia was caused by stress (Bastien et al. 2004). Benzodiazepine-based drugs, nonbenzodiazepine-based drugs, benzodiazepine receptor agonists and antidepressants with sedative action have been used as therapeutic drugs (Madari et al. 2021). However, prolonged use of these drugs has side effects, which include resistance and dependence. Therefore, use of alternative drugs that can treat anxiety and insomnia and have fewer side effects is warranted.
Sleep paralysis in college students
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Note from Researcher about Sleep Paralysis: Sleep paralysis is understood to be a disruption of the normal biological process that occurs during the transition between wake and sleep. When we are in a stage of sleep called REM (Rapid Eye Movement), our body is partially paralyzed. Sometimes this gets turned on too soon (as you're falling asleep) and sometimes it doesn't shut off quickly enough (as you're waking up). The hallucinations and altered body sensations are understood to be an instance where dreamlike experiences are melded with waking awareness (i.e., internal inputs are mixed with external inputs). This can obviously be a frightening experience for those who don't understand what is happening. This is a common experience for people who have a condition called narcolepsy-with-cataplexy, but it is not uncommon for people without that condition: approximately 28% of college students have experienced sleep paralysis at some point in their life.