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Central Neuronal Pathways Involved in Psychotic Syndromes
Published in Fuad Lechin, Bertha van der Dijs, Neurochemistry and Clinical Disorders: Circuitry of Some Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Syndromes, 2020
Fuad Lechin, Bertha van der Dijs, Jose Amat, Marcel Lechin
Irritability is a frequent symptom of the different types of manic syndromes observed in humans. Depending on the clinical types, irritability can be found as a permanent manifestation or only during certain periods.
An introduction to traumatic brain injury and suicidality
Published in Alyson Norman, Life and Suicide Following Brain Injury, 2020
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is any event sustained during or after birth that results in an alteration to brain function (Headway UK, 2018a). The most common causes of ABI include illness or infection (e.g. meningitis, encephalitis, tumours), or injury (e.g. accidents, falls or assaults). This last cause is categorised as a subset of ABI, called traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). ABIs and TBIs can cause an array of difficulties with physical, emotional, behavioural and cognitive functioning. I am going to focus predominantly on TBI throughout this book, as my brother ‘Tom’ experienced a TBI in 1993 as a result of a car accident. Common physiological side effects include mobility impairments, difficulties with speech, sensory impairments and ongoing fatigue (Headway UK, 2018a). Emotional difficulties include anxiety and depression, an increased risk of developing psychosis and personality disorders, and wider changes to personality (Holloway, 2014). Behavioural side effects include irritability and aggression. Finally, cognitive difficulties include language impairments, attentional difficulties, impaired concentration, memory problems and executive impairments (Holloway, 2014). Executive impairments include difficulties with planning, problem solving, decision-making, and inhibiting and initiating behaviour (Maas et al., 2017). Executive impairment can also lead to a lack of insight into the level of disability the individual is experiencing (George & Gilbert, 2018).
Clinical Aspects of Interstitial Lung Disease in Children
Published in Lourdes R. Laraya-Cuasay, Walter T. Hughes, Interstitial Lung Diseases in Children, 2019
Irritability is a frequent manifestation of feeling unwell. However, there is a rare disorder, familial erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, characterized by irritability as the major finding in association with dyspnea, cyanosis, and respiratory failure in infants. In this disease the irritability is related to intense intracranial proliferation of lymphocytic and histiocytic cells.
Psychiatric comorbidities of mild intellectual disability in children and adolescents in a clinical setting
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2021
Selma Tural Hesapcioglu, Mehmet Fatih Ceylan, Meryem Kasak, Cansu Pınar Yavas
The correlates of having at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder were maleness and irritability symptoms in the clinical history. Thus, it seems important to ask about irritability in ID cases. Irritability was not a referral complaint in most of our cases, but 59.5% of the parents reported irritability symptoms in their children with mild ID when the clinician asked about such a history. Irritability is defined as a low frustration tolerance characterized by anger and temper outbursts (Brotman et al.2006); however, it is not assumed to be a specific ID symptom. It is also seen in depression, anxiety, ADHD, and mood disorders (Ceylan et al.2012). In our study, those psychiatric disorders that were comorbid with mental retardation may have caused the irritability.
Validation of the Italian version of the clinician affective reactivity index (CL-ARI)
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2023
Valerio Zaccaria, Susanna Maggi, Alessia Bof, Marco Tofani, Giovanni Galeoto, Ignazio Ardizzone
Irritability can be defined as a low threshold to experience anger in response to frustration and as increased proneness to anger, compared to peers [1]. Clinically, it manifests as developmentally inappropriate temper outbursts and sullen, grouchy mood; thus, it includes both behavioral and mood components [2]. It is one of the most common symptoms in youth and is part of the clinical presentation of several disorders. Irritability is relatively common, decreases with age but does not vary by sex, and at almost any level is associated with increased risk of disrupted functioning [3]. Irritability can present early in life and is a predictor of long-term psychosocial adversity; yet, the diagnostic status of irritability is a matter of intense debate [4].
Is postpartum depression a clinically useful concept?
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2021
Postpartum depression is invariably accompanied by anxiety and related disorders including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. There is emerging evidence that women may be at a particularly increased risk of first onset or recurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the postpartum period [10]. A fear of having or acquiring grave physical illness as in illness anxiety disorder also appears common; however, women are reluctant to share physical health concerns in psychiatric settings. Unusual irritability is common but often neglected. Singular focus on depression may affect the identification and diagnosis of its common comorbidities.