China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Neurological problems
Published in Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Handbook of Obstetric Medicine, 2020
There may be exacerbations and remissions of fatigable, painless and muscle weakness. The symptoms and signs include the following: Diplopia.Ptosis.Dysphagia.Respiratory muscle weakness (in severe cases).About 10%–15% have a thymoma, which is usually benign.About 10% have associated thyroid disease.
Role of respiratory muscle training to treat exercise respiratory symptoms
Published in John W. Dickinson, James H. Hull, Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes, 2020
Hege Havstad Clemm, John W. Dickinson
Some athletes find incorporating respiratory muscle training into breathing pattern training programmes to provide added benefit. As with other muscles in the body, the respiratory muscles can also be trained, for both strength and endurance. Respiratory muscle training (RMT) has been used in both health and disease to strengthen the diaphragm and other inspiratory muscles to enhance breathing efficiency. The theoretical basis behind the use of RMT is to make respiratory muscles work harder by forced breathing against an added resistance. The purpose is to make spontaneous breathing without this extra resistance feeling easier, thus improving function and performance. However, even if this concept is accepted, RMT should only be viewed as a supplemetary therapy for a variety of breathing disorders, and we still lack the proper guidelines for when to use this technique, in what patients and on which indications. For many athletes, both healthy and those struggling with breathing disorders like exercise induced asthma, exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) or breathing pattern disorder (BPD), RMT may prove to add value if used in the correct way.
Pulmonary rehabilitation in post-acute patients with COVID-19
Published in Claudio F. Donner, Nicolino Ambrosino, Roger S. Goldstein, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, 2020
Michele Vitacca, Mara Paneroni, Nicolino Ambrosino
Isometric muscle strength evaluation of biceps and quadriceps through handheld dynamometry (37,47) Respiratory muscle function
Exercise capacity, physical activity and quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed hematologic malignancies: a cross-sectional study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Zeliha Celik, Meral Boşnak Güçlü, Zübeyde Nur Özkurt
Muscle strength and exercise capacity also decrease in patients prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (Morishita et al., 2012). Maintained respiratory muscle strength has a pathophysiological and clinical significance in terms of required pressure gradient for coughing, secretion clearance, and ventilation. Given the importance of respiratory muscle strength, the presence of weakness poses a considerable risk of respiratory muscle fatigue due to the increased respiratory workload (NHLBI, 1990). It is important to the evaluate strength and endurance of respiratory muscles to assess the function of inspiratory muscles (Troosters, Gosselink, and Decramer, 2005); even so, studies investigating respiratory muscle strength in patients with HM are scarce in the literature. One study found that expiratory muscle strength was higher than the predicted values before chemotherapy, but decreased after chemotherapy (Vermaete, Wolter, Verhoef, and Gosselink, 2014); even respiratory muscle strength continues to decrease until after transplantation (Okubo et al., 2017; White, Terrin, Miller, and Ryan, 2005). However, no study has investigated respiratory muscle endurance in patients with newly diagnosed hematologic malignancies.
Electrophysiological predictors of hyperfunctional dysphonia
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Agata Szkiełkowska, Paulina Krasnodębska, Andrzej Mitas, Monika Bugdol, Marcin Bugdol, Patrycja Romaniszyn-Kania, Anita Pollak
Laryngeal muscle activation might furthermore be modified by the individual characteristics of human personality and ANS as investigated by Helou in her work [16]. Our study demonstrated subjects with subclinical features of dysphonia had higher EMG amplitudes in the SCM and submental muscle during phonation. Activation of the SCM during free phonation should arouse diagnostic vigilance. Physiologically, this muscle plays the role of an accessory respiratory muscle. The sternocleidomastoid supports inhalation when lung volume nears 100% vital capacity, or when inhalation is very rapid. The muscle is not activated during phonation, as confirmed by Pettersen’s work based on studies of singers [17]. However, as shown in a study by Watson, the SCM is one of the muscles engaged during classical aria singing [18]. In singers, the muscle is activated during singing at full volume or vibrato, which indicates activation of the muscle at the limits of voice frequency. Activation may also indicate excessive raising of the voice pitch, which may result in hyperfunctional dysphonia and vocal nodules. Stepp noted that SEMG amplitude of the SCM during initiation of the vowel/a/was statistically significantly stronger in non-singers with nodules relative to singers with nodules and controls [19].
Urinary incontinence and impaired physical function are associated with expiratory muscle weakness in patients with multiple sclerosis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Sandra Aguilar-Zafra, Tamara del Corral, Noelia Montero-González, Almudena de-Gabriel-Hierro, Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva
The study was conducted between February and June, 2018. Of 44 patients with MS, only 41 (20 men [51.10 ± 7.65 years] and 21 women [49.91 ± 8.79 years]) were included in the study. Three were excluded for failing to attend on the day of the appointment. In no case was it necessary to stop the measurements prematurely, and there were no unexpected events during the evaluation. Patients showed respiratory muscle weakness but had preserved pulmonary function. In addition, the urinary and physical function of the patients were moderately affected. Specifically, 6 patients showed a severe degree of dependence (14.6%), 11 moderate dependence (26.9%), 10 had a slight dependence (24.4%) and 14 were independent (34.1%). Regarding the disease phenotype, it is important to note that 37 patients presented relapsing-remitting MS, while 4 had progressive MS (2 primary-progressive, and 2 secondary-progressive). Moreover, 40.5% of the patients were diagnosed less than 10 years ago (41.5% 5–10 years ago; 31.7% 10–20 years ago; 19.5% 20–30 years ago; 7.3% >30 years ago). Anthropometric characteristics, respiratory function, UI and physical function of the patients with MS are shown in Table 1.