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Drugs, accidents and poisoning
Published in Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge, MCQs in Paediatrics, 2020
Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge
15.11. In which of the following infections is erythromycin a suitable antibiotic?Impetigo.Urinary tract infection.Mycoplasma pneumonia.Campylobacter enteritis.Chlamydia conjunctivitis.
Thorax
Published in Dave Maudgil, Anthony Watkinson, The Essential Guide to the New FRCR Part 2A and Radiology Boards, 2017
Dave Maudgil, Anthony Watkinson
The following may cause septal lines. True or false? Pulmonary oedema.Mycoplasma pneumonia.Cryptogenic organising pneumonia.Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.Wegener’s granulomatosis.
Case 1: A Teenager with Rash and a Fever
Published in Layne Kerry, Janice Rymer, 100 Diagnostic Dilemmas in Clinical Medicine, 2017
Other less likely diagnoses include infectious mononucleosis (due to HIV, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus [CMV] or Epstein–Barr virus [EBV]), but lymphadenopathy would be expected and was not present. Although she has only one sexual partner, we cannot be sure of the partner's history so a sexually transmitted infection (STI) screen is essential to rule out syphilis. A history of cough, fever and generalised rash might suggest Mycoplasma pneumonia infection. Toxic shock syndrome should also be considered as, although this is unlikely, it is potentially serious.
Stevens Johnson syndrome: A review of a vision and life-threatening mucocutaneous disease including histopathology with updates on pathogenesis and genetic risk factors
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2021
Vamsee K. Neerukonda, Anna M. Stagner
Unlike EM, only a minority of SJS cases are attributed to infection; these cases are usually in children and due to infection with Mycoplasma pneumonia.69–72 The mechanism of infection-induced SJS is less well understood. Mycoplasma pneumonia is known to primarily infect the ciliated respiratory epithelium of the lower respiratory tract and typically does not directly infect the skin,73,74 suggesting an indirect mechanism of action such as molecular mimicry.75 The pathogen may serve as a surface antigen resulting in antigen-antibody complexes that cross-react with keratinocytes or serum proteins, facilitating a mass influx of inflammatory mediators leading to cellular dysfunction and tissue destruction. The possibility of hematogenous spread may be supported by the presence of Mycoplasma pneumonia in bullae fluid and cerebrospinal fluid of affected individuals.76
Drug screening of rhodanine derivatives for antibacterial activity
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2020
Suresh Maddila, Sridevi Gorle, Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda
Bacterial infections are a serious health risk and these include clinically acquired ones. The alarming increase in these types of infections has imposed a severe challenge on healthcare organizations to develop new and more effective drugs for their treatment [1–3]. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria cause many of these infections [4]. Generally, the pathogens in medicinal settings are gram-positive bacteria, which include Staphylococcus epidermidis/S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus/S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis/E. faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium/E. faecium. The gram-negative bacteria are Escherichia coli/E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/P. aeruginosa, Chlamydophila pneumonia/C. pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia/M. pneumonia, and Legionella pneumophila/L. pneumophila among others, which are proficient in triggering severe deadly toxicities [5–8].
Pharmacokinetic interaction between shuanghuanglian and azithromycin injection: a nonlinear mixed-effects model analysis in rats
Published in Xenobiotica, 2019
Jingchen Tian, Shusen Sun, Zhigang Zhao, Xingang Li
The combined use of Chinese medicine and chemical drugs is very common in China, and many of these combinations show a good effect of attenuating toxicity and increasing efficacy (Chen et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2010a,b), but the reason remains unknown. In this study, SHL and azithromycin, which are frequently used in clinical practice in China, were studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetic basis of the two drugs combination from the perspective of their pharmacokinetics and to provide an experimental support for the clinical rational drug use. In clinical practice, the combination of the two drugs is mostly used for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. However, intensive children’s pharmacokinetic data is not easily accessible. Therefore, in this study, only rats were used as subjects to explore the pharmacodynamic interactions between the two drugs. As far as we know, this study was the first to report the pharmacokinetic interactions between the active component of forsythiaside in SHL and azithromycin.