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Fundamentals of mental health assessment for non–mental health practitioners
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
The common causes of death in individuals with severe mental illness include chronic physical medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes and hypertension (Public Health England 2018). This is often caused by a poor lifestyle; people with mental illness are more likely to smoke tobacco, but they are less likely to be given support to quit, increasing their risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (The Kings Fund 2016).
Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19
Published in Wenguang Xia, Xiaolin Huang, Rehabilitation from COVID-19, 2021
Psychological counseling should be strengthened in patients with anxiety and phobia. Rehabilitation professionals, when discovering psychological problems in patients, can adopt professional techniques for rehabilitation or clinical psychological knowledge acquired through formal training to play an assisting role in psychological intervention, rather than replacing the role of psychological professionals. Once a patient is found to have signs of deteriorating mental health, rehabilitation professionals should report to the competent medical team immediately and cooperate with the team to guide the patient to receive help from mental health professionals. Through proper assessment, patients with severe mental illness can receive help from psychologists/psychiatrists in time.
Physical health care of people with severe mental illness
Published in Christopher Dowrick, Global Primary Mental Health Care, 2019
The term “severe mental illness” is frequently used but is imprecise in its nature. In the generally accepted form, the term has three elements: Diagnosis, Disability and Duration. Diagnosis: A diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or other psychotic disorder is usually implied.Disability: The disorder causes significant disability.Duration: The disorder has lasted for a significant duration, usually at least two years.Family doctors are in an ideal position to recognise, and/or treat or refer patients they see in general care. This chapter will present an evidence-based approach to management of patients with SMI emphasising the treatment of non-communicable diseases.
Incidence rates and employment trends in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar affective disorders and recurrent depression in the years 2000–2013: a Danish nationwide register-based study
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2022
Thomas Nordahl Christensen, Iben Gammelgård Wallstrøm, Lene Falgaard Eplov, Thomas Munk Laursen, Merete Nordentoft
This study supported the emerging evidence that the incidence of mental illness is increasing, despite the inclusion of more recent data and the definition of severe mental illness being more narrowly defined [1,2]. The increasing incidence of bipolar disorder and recurrent depression in both sexes was driven by the increase in the age groups 19–25, 25–34 and 34+. Whereas the increased incidence of schizophrenia spectrum disorders was mainly driven by the increase observed in the age group 19–25 years. In line with previous research, we found that the majority of people diagnosed with recurrent depression or bipolar affective disorder were females, while the majority of people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were males [16–18]. The possible explanations for the gender gap in depression have in previous research been identified as manifold and include both biological, sociological, and psychological explanations [19]. Moreover, there is a substantial body of research showing that there is a gender difference in help-seeking behaviours [20]. Females are more likely to report depressive symptoms and to seek medical help. Empirical evidence shows that low treatment rates for men cannot be explained by better health, but must be attributed to a discrepancy between the perception of need and help-seeking behaviour [21].
Patient and Mental Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives on Health Promotion in Psychiatric Clinical Practice: A Focus Group Study
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2021
Helle Schnor, Stina Linderoth, Julie Midtgaard
Known challenges related to change and adoption of healthy lifestyle in people with severe mental illness include low self-efficacy and a feeling of an external locus of control and disempowerment (Every-Palmer et al., 2018). According to Bandura (2004), positive verbal persuasion by significant others (i.e. credible sources) is a key component in the support of an individual’s self-efficacy (Bandura, 2004). Hence, it can be argued that mental health care professionals (HCPs) are well positioned to address physical health and encourage the achievement of health behaviour goals among patients. A qualitative study indicated that patients and mental health care staff agree that poor physical shape, physical problems and suboptimal lifestyle constitute a challenge for people with mental illness (Blanner Kristiansen et al., 2015). Moreover, previous studies suggested that people with severe mental illness are concerned about their health and wish to receive support and/or counselling to help them adopt a healthy lifestyle (Farholm & Sørensen, 2016; Firth et al., 2016).
Barriers and Possible Solutions to Providing Physical Health Care in Mental Health Care: A Qualitative Study of Danish Key Informants’ Perspectives
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2021
Birgitte Lerbæk, Andrea McCloughen, Marlene Briciet Lauritsen, Jørgen Aagaard, Julie Nordgaard, Rikke Jørgensen
The informants identified persistent and severe mental illness as a barrier that in and of itself contributed to insufficient provision of physical health care in the two mental health settings. In their experience, poor mental health could affect the person’s understanding of any physical symptoms or ability to recognise physical health issues. Aspects of poor mental health that were described as particularly influential were disrupted bodily experiences, delusional misinterpretations of physical symptoms, lack of motivation and initiative, limited ability to communicate verbally, and anxiety. As a result, persistent and severe mental illness could negatively impact help-seeking behaviour, or ability to adhere to treatment for existing physical illness or lifestyle intervention regimens as part of everyday life.