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Psychological Medicine
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Harrison Howarth, Jim Bolton, Gary Bell
Self-harm is most commonly by self-poisoning or self-cutting. People who self-poison are more likely to seek medical attention; 80% of cases presenting to an emergency department are as a result of overdose with prescription or over-the-counter medication.
Self-Harm and Suicide
Published in Cathy Laver-Bradbury, Margaret J.J. Thompson, Christopher Gale, Christine M. Hooper, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2021
As stated above, by far and away the most common method of self-harm is self-poisoning. It is important to take a detailed and accurate description of what harm has actually been done. You may need to ask for information from a friend or family member who was present at the time. Those young people who self-harm by cutting are much less likely to present to A&E, and many instances are unreported and are not known to CAMHS or A&E. The method of self-harm is influenced by the availability of items such as tablets. The choice of method can indicate the seriousness of the intent. For example, superficially cutting one’s forearm carries less risk of intent of suicide than hanging.
Suicide in Doctors and Its Sequelae
Published in Clare Gerada, Zaid Al-Najjar, Beneath the White Coat, 2020
In a Danish-based study, doctors were found to have a higher risk of suicide than any of the 55 occupations included in the analysis, with risks increased when other sociodemographic factors were taken into account.10 The risk of suicide ranged from 2.73 for doctors to 0.44 for other professional groups. Much, but not all, of the excess risk in doctors and nurses is due to their increased use of self-poisoning. Occupation has little association with suicide among people who suffer from a psychiatric illness, except for doctors, where the excess risk is 3.62.
Suicide attempts by self-poisoning in the United States among 10–25 year olds from 2000 to 2018: substances used, temporal changes and demographics
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Henry A. Spiller, John P. Ackerman, Gary A. Smith, Sandhya Kistamgari, Alexandra R. Funk, Michael R. McDermott, Marcel J. Casavant
Data collected from the National Emergency Department Sample from 2006 to 2013 evaluating ED visits for suicide attempts in all age groups showed a peak in the frequency of visits in the 15–19 year-old age group, with a frequency almost twice that of the 35–50 year-old age group [7]. In that study, poisoning was the most common mechanism (66.5%) of suicide attempt [7]. Attempted suicide is a significant predictor of future suicide and survivors of attempted suicide given follow-up psychiatric care have significantly lower likelihood of subsequent suicide [8–10]. Therefore, it is important to identify individuals who attempt suicide and provide them with appropriate psychiatric care. Investigation of self-poisoning provides important information about one of the most common suicide attempt methods and can help guide public health strategies to reduce preventable deaths. In the current study, we use the National Poison Data System (NPDS) database from January 2000 through December 2018 to investigate intentional suspected suicide self-poisoning in children and young adults 10–25 years old.
The profile of deliberate self-poisoning cases presenting at the emergency department of Pelonomi Regional Hospital, Bloemfontein
Published in South African Family Practice, 2019
MOA Benedict, CJ van Loggerenberg, WJ Steinberg
One of the methods engaged in suicide is deliberate self-poisoning (DSP). Common substances implicated in DSP include prescription and over-the-counter medication, drugs of abuse, household chemicals, agrochemicals and herbal mixtures.3 Deliberate self-poisoning, when it is nonfatal, and particularly when it is grouped with self-injury, is also called ‘deliberate self-harm’, ‘attempted suicide’ or ‘parasuicide’.4,5 The World Health Organization defines this as ‘an act with a nonfatal outcome in which an individual deliberately ingests a substance in excess of the prescribed or generally recognized therapeutic dosage’.6 Deliberate self-poisoning is not just for the purpose of suicide; it is also employed to gain attention, express distress or to get revenge.7
Acute toxic kidney injury
Published in Renal Failure, 2019
Nadezda Petejova, Arnost Martinek, Josef Zadrazil, Vladimir Teplan
Glyphosate (phosphonomethyl) glycine, is an active ingredient in glyphosate-surfactant herbicides used worldwide especially in Asia and the countries of Mesoamerican region. Under in vitro conditions is a weak inhibitor of acetycholinesterase as has been shown in animals [72]. High systemic concentration of glyphosate would be expected in ingestion or self-poisoning. Acute self-poisoning after intentional or accidental oral ingestion can be lethal and most severely poisoned patients die from acute renal failure accompanied by other organ complications such as acute respiratory distress, neurological and severe gastrointestinal symptoms with excessive loss of fluids due to vomiting and diarrhea resulting in hypovolemic shock [73]. The histopathological analysis of renal injury in glyphosate poisoned animals has revealed significant necrotic and apoptotic damage to proximal tubular cells and thickened ascending limb of the loop of Henlé in the outer medulla and cortex [74].