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Psychiatric disorders in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Risk factors for suicide include a history of depression, prior suicide attempts, psychosis, and several psychosocial risk factors such as living alone, lack of family or social support, and feelings of guilt and hopelessness. Obstetricians should be aware of the risk and ask women about suicide and self-harm, as well as infanticide, with such questions as “Have you been feeling like life is not worthwhile?,” “Have you had thoughts of harming yourself (or your baby), wanting to die or wanting to end your life?,” “Have you thought about how you might harm yourself (or your baby) or end your life?,” and “How likely is it that you might actually do something like that?” When suicidal or infanticidal ideation is present, emergency psychiatric consultation is warranted.
Substance Use Disorder, Intentional Self-Harm, Gun Violence, and HIV/AIDS
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
The warning signs for suicide are complex, and most individuals at risk or displaying signs do not attempt suicide. However, displays of suicidal ideation should be recognized and considered an emergency with immediate medical attention sought for the individuals. Individuals talking about suicide or death often, or expressing extreme feelings of hopelessness, shame, guilt, pain, or being a burden, can be indicative of suicidal intentions. If the person voices that they have a plan for suicide, such as researching a method or obtaining lethal weapons, it should be considered an emergency situation. Actions such as reckless behaviors, or demonstrations of extreme mood swings or changes in sleeping and eating patterns, should not be dismissed. Additionally, activities such as getting affairs in order, giving away possessions, and/or saying goodbye to family and friends should be met with significant concern in the absence of a terminal illness.41 Asking the person if they are having thoughts of doing harm to themselves or taking their life, though difficult, is the first step to be taken, as well as alerting other appropriate resources and support people. For individuals with a terminal illness, discussing wishes for the end of life should be encouraged (see Chapter 7 and Appendix 1), and patients eligible for MAiD, where legal, should be supported in their decisions (see Appendix 2).
Suicide in Doctors and Its Sequelae
Published in Clare Gerada, Zaid Al-Najjar, Beneath the White Coat, 2020
Suicide is the result of a complex set of events, though there are some risk factors that increase the likelihood that someone will kill themselves. The World Health Organization has classified these into different groups and doctors share many of these risk factors:16
Simulation training in suicide risk assessment and intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Medical Education Online, 2023
Océane Richard, Fabrice Jollant, Grégoire Billon, Chris Attoe, Dominique Vodovar, Marie-Aude Piot
An important question is how to best train both health professionals and gatekeepers for suicide risk assessment and intervention. Indeed, interviewing someone in a suicidal crisis is not easy [18]. The suicidal person may feel ashamed of their suicidal ideas, may fear the consequences of disclosing such ideas (hospitalization, stigma, children custody, etc.), or may feel professionals are not competent enough to help them. In these circumstances, information focusing on factual knowledge about suicidal behaviors (e.g., epidemiology and risk factors) as done in many training programs (whether initial or continuing) may be important but very insufficient. To enhance skills and confidence to carry out suicidal risk assessments and implement crisis interventions, it is crucial to provide more practical training alongside. However, only a few studies have assessed the effectiveness of suicide training according to the educational format and differences have been shown between, for example, lecture and simulation-based-education in terms of effective learning [19].
Covariate Health Determinants of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Plans, and Suicide Attempts Among African American Males With and Without Major Depressive Episode
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2023
Areen Omary, Uganda Richardson, Tameka Chambers
Despite this rising trend in suicidal behaviors among AA males, a dearth of research has examined risk factors of suicide (Joe et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2015; Willis et al., 2003). Researching suicidal behaviors is crucial because a history of prior attempts is a robust predictor of completed suicide (Bostwick et al., 2016; Mustanski & Liu, 2013). A broad range of other risk factors for suicide has been documented, including male gender, younger and older age, presence of physical illness, a poor social network, marital status, marital conflict, poor family functioning, availability of firearms at home, mental disorders, and substance abuse (Compton et al., 2005; Kaslow Nadine et al., 2005; Large, 2016; Melhem et al., 2019; Osazuwa-Peters et al., 2018; Rendall et al., 2011).
Challenging the Myth of “Attention Seeking” Women with Suicidality: A Grounded Theory Study about Applying Counter-Pressure to Manage System Entrapment
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2022
Suicide is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is often misunderstood despite the fact that suicide has been empirically studied for over 70 years. Durkheim (1951), a modern sociologist, found epidemiological patterns of suicide, including that people without children, unmarried, or fought in a war were more at risk for suicide. Others examined psychological attributes of suicide, digging deeper into the meaning behind the phenomenon. Shneidman (1997) explained suicide as a way of ending unbearable psychological pain, a feeling that he described as ‘pscyhache’. Building on Shneidman’s work (Jobes & Nelson, 2006), Jobes (2011) created the suicide assessments and interventions for health care providers based on the theory that people manage pscyhache through their interpersonal connections with others. Recognizing the centrality of interpersonal relationships within nursing, Cutcliffe and Stevenson (2007) illustrate the capacity of nurses to inspire hope in patients with suicidal thoughts by helping the person to reconnect to life and engage in meaningful interactions with others. Cutcliffe et al. (2015) emphasize the need to educate nurses from around the world on how to inspire hope as a result of suicidal persons’ perceptions that the care they received from in-patient psychiatric nurses was unhelpful.