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Psychiatric disorders in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Risk factors for suicide include a history of depression, prior suicide attempts, psychosis, and several psychosocial risk factors such as living alone, lack of family or social support, and feelings of guilt and hopelessness. Obstetricians should be aware of the risk and ask women about suicide and self-harm, as well as infanticide, with such questions as “Have you been feeling like life is not worthwhile?,” “Have you had thoughts of harming yourself (or your baby), wanting to die or wanting to end your life?,” “Have you thought about how you might harm yourself (or your baby) or end your life?,” and “How likely is it that you might actually do something like that?” When suicidal or infanticidal ideation is present, emergency psychiatric consultation is warranted.
Injury Prevention
Published in James M. Rippe, Manual of Lifestyle Medicine, 2021
Suicidal behavior is part of a larger individual public health category entitled “Self-Directed Violence” (SDV). This includes a variety of violent behaviors, including acts of fatal and non-fatal suicidal behavior and non-suicidal intentional self-harm. In 2016, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death overall in the United States and the second leading cause of death among persons in their 20s and 30s. There are an estimated 500,000 visits to U.S. hospital emergency departments each year for self-directed violence (15,16). Many individuals who engage in suicidal behavior never seek health services. Risk factors for suicidal behavior include substance use disorders, personality disorders, history of prior suicide attempts, physical illness, pain, socioeconomic issues (e.g., poverty and unemployment), family problems, relationship and intimate partner problems, socialized isolation, and easy access to lethal means among those who are at risk.
Prevention of Suicidal Behavior
Published in James M. Rippe, Lifestyle Medicine, 2019
Alex E. Crosby, Deborah M. Stone, Kristin Holl
Risk factors for suicide include presence of a mental health disorder, substance use disorders, personality disorders; history of suicide attempts; physical illness; pain; socioeconomic issues (e.g., area poverty level and unemployment); family problems; family history of suicide; relationship and intimate partner problems, social isolation; easy access to lethal means among those at risk and stigma associated with mental illness and help-seeking. Risks vary by age, gender, and culture.
Experiences of Inpatient Psychiatric Nursing Care among People Who Have Survived a Suicide Attempt
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2023
Jillian Shih, Christina M. Sellers, Sky Gavis-Hughson, Alina Fein, Kimberly O’Brien
Over 700,000 people die by suicide each year and suicide is the fourth leading cause of death among 15–29 year olds globally, leading the World Health Organization to treat suicide as a public health priority (WHO, 2021). In the United States, the national age-adjusted suicide rate increased by 30% between 2000 and 2020, according to a recent data brief from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Garnett et al., 2022). While overall suicide rates decreased slightly in 2020, suicide remains a major public health concern as the 12th leading cause of death in the general US population and the second leading cause of death in people ages 10–34 (Garnett et al., 2022). Given that a history of suicide attempts is one of the strongest predictors of future suicide attempts and suicide deaths (Beghi et al., 2013; Knesper et al., 2010), it is crucial to understand the experiences and needs of people who have survived a suicide attempt in order to implement effective suicide prevention and intervention.
CALM gatekeeper training is associated with increased confidence in utilizing means reduction approaches to suicide prevention among college resident assistants
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Melanie R. Rosen, Kurt D. Michael, J. P. Jameson
Various studies have reported on the effectiveness of RA suicide prevention and intervention training and have found that in general, these trainings are successful at increasing confidence and feelings of preparedness to intervene in a crisis.11,12 While these trainings are typically effective at preparing RAs to intervene when a resident is suicidal, the type of intervention trainings that are administered tend to be limited.12 Many existing suicide prevention programs (e.g., Question, Persuade, Refer [QPR]) emphasize the importance of improving knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding suicide.13 Other programs focus on identifying observable risk factors, warning signs, and behaviors in order to quantify an individual’s level of risk to help determine appropriate treatment. Common risk factors of suicide generally include a history of previous suicide attempts or non-suicidal self-injury, alcohol or substance abuse, a history of individual or parental psychopathology, low socio-economic status, residing in rural areas, limited social support, and demographic factors such as age, race and gender.14–16
Searching for a Sense of Place: The Process of How Adolescent Girls Overcome Suicidality
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
Tamara Pike Keefner, Thomas Stenvig
Quantitative research findings have identified consistent risk factors for suicide among adolescents. These include psychiatric disorders and treatment (Beck et al., 2012; Kim et al., 2015; King & Merchant, 2008; Lan et al., 2015; Stenager & Qin, 2008), abusive home environments (Cluver et al., 2015; Badr, 2017; Madge et al., 2011), and school bullying (Bang & Park, 2017). Suicidal ideations are critical warning signs for a suicide attempt (Calati et al., 2019; Chung & Joung, 2012). The most well-supported predictor of death by suicide is a past suicide attempt; approximately 40% of suicide deaths were preceded by prior attempts (Grey & Dihigo, 2015; Nrugham et al., 2015). Identification of such risks may be helpful for clinicians working with at-risk adolescents; however, studies are often correlational and lack a theoretical perspective to understand how risk factors interact which may be useful for developing preventive measures (Gunn & Lester, 2014; Quinn, 2016).