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Chemosensory Influences on Eating and Drinking, and Their Cognitive Mediation
Published in Alan R. Hirsch, Nutrition and Sensation, 2023
There are undoubtedly genetic influences on human behavior, as well as environmental factors. Nevertheless, genetic expression interacts strongly with environmental exposure continuously throughout life. Hence, a search for simple associations is highly questionable. Rather than the simplistic model of genetic determinism, it could be more productive to search for genetic vulnerabilities and environmental stressors with a view to specifying the variety of more prevalent interactions among them (cp. Rutter 2008).
Sector Perspective: Digital Therapeutics in Behavioral Health
Published in Oleksandr Sverdlov, Joris van Dam, Digital Therapeutics, 2023
Human behavior (e.g., diet, exercise, medical regimen adherence) is one of the most significant drivers of morbidity and mortality across all health domains—and tremendously influences both preventative health and the course of disease progression. And, as described above, the scientific principles of human behavior and behavior change have been shown to transcend a specific health domain (Marsch, 2021). Instead, core therapeutic processes have been shown to impact a broad array of health behaviors and disease outcomes. Digital therapeutics offer great promise along the entire healthcare spectrum, and a growing scientific literature (Riley et al., 2019) is increasingly supporting their overall therapeutic value.
Process Use Disorders
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews
It is difficult to treat some process disorders as the behaviors associated with these disorders are natural aspects of human behavior. Among these behaviors is the natural drive for humans to engage in sexual activity (Ajegena et al., 2018). The act of sexual intimacy can be described as pleasurable for much of the population. Sexual activity can be considered harmful when an individual experiences a hyper focus on sexual activity, continued engaging in sexual acts despite potential physical and interpersonal negative consequences, and inability to control or limit their sexual activity (Carnes & Adams, 2020). In such instances, a counselor may engage with a client who has multiple sexual partners (despite being in committed relationships) who has experienced major life disruptions (work, obligations, and health) as a result of sexual activity (Zlot et al., 2018). The individual may engage in sexual acts with people they know and others whom they don’t know very well. The client will continue to crave sexual activity despite incidents in which their bodies may feel physical pain from engaging in sex (Carnes & Adams, 2020). The client will also continue to engage in sexual encounters despite being exposed to sexually transmitted illnesses.
Exploring the relationship between intimate partner abuses, resilience, psychological, and physical health problems in Pakistani married couples: a perspective from the collectivistic culture
Published in Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2023
Jaffar Abbas, Muhammad Aqeel, Jinzhu Ling, Arash Ziapour, Muhammad Ali Raza, Tasnim Rehna
These results reveal intimate wife abuse, health problems, and exposure to physical pain compared to husbands. The implementation of this study will create a better understanding of human behavior, the importance of adaptation, and good health to deal with problems such as psychological issues such as depression. This current research recommends that both IPA and health problems might stimulate stress and anxiety in wives and husbands. Additionally, the interaction between IPA and resilience offers a vital elucidation for the continuation of psychological issues in wives and husbands. These findings specify that wives' IPA, health problems, and bodily pain exposure is higher as compared to husbands. The implementation of this study would be creating a better understating of human behavior and the significance of coping and good health to deal with problems such as psychological issues like anxiety, stress, depression, and other psychological disorders.
Schoolwide positive behavioural interventions and supports and human rights: transforming our educational systems into levers for social justice
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2023
Behavioural theory shows distinct promise to improve educational systems, because interventions based on its principles are extremely powerful in changing human behaviour. They are so powerful that it is useful to consider this basic tenet: the more effective the practice, the greater the need to ensure that it is used ethically, even when intent is positive. Given the established evidence base for interventions based on applied behaviour analysis (ABA), caution is necessary when designing support plans. For example, the determination of what behaviours are acceptable and unacceptable, as well as what strategies should be used to change behaviour, is subjective but is often assumed as universal by consultants and implementers, which can lead to adaptive behaviour being labelled as wrong and educators to exclude students from instruction (Machalicek et al., 2021). Thus, without attention to context, behavioural theory thus can be used to deprive students of their rights instead of assuring them.
Students on stairs: a participatory approach using decisional cues in the form of motivational signs to promote stair use
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Philip Bachert, Claudia Hildebrand, Nils Erley, Darko Jekauc, Hagen Wäsche, Jule Kunkel, Alexander Woll
The Okanagan Charter for Health Promoting Universities and Colleges17 calls for the creation of healthy campus environments and the strengthening of students’ resources among other things—not only for immediate reasons of health promotion, but also due to the tertiary education setting being a sensitive phase for the cultivation of long-term health habits18,19 and today's students being tomorrow's decision-makers in economy, education, public health, and politics.20 The socio-ecological model can serve as a starting point for theoretical considerations promoting physical activity among students.21 It considers various determinants of human behavior on different levels, ranging from the policy to the intrapersonal level. On the individual level, social and psychological factors affect the implementation of health behavior. Targeting these behavioral influencing factors, decisional cues could encourage one’s readiness to take health action through scraping the informational environment, and by doing so providing immediate information to an individual when it comes to deciding about different options for action.22 In this study, motivational signs were used as prompts to choose the stairs over the elevator to enhance physical activity. Studies have shown effects of decisional cues in regards to various health behaviors, including stair use behavior.23