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Fixed-False Beliefs
Published in Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Understanding and Caring for People with Schizophrenia, 2020
Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman
Grandiose delusions involve the idea that one is extremely powerful, important, rich, or valuable in some way. Joy’s delusions about her idea for an invention and becoming a billionaire from it are examples of grandiose delusions. Other examples may include thinking that one is a king or leader of a country when that is not the case or when someone believes that they have a superior intellect when they do not, such as what Joy experienced.
Services for individuals with both a learning disability and a mental health disorder
Published in Chambers Mary, Psychiatric and mental health nursing, 2017
Chris Knifton, Richard Postance, Dorothy Hemel
Positive symptoms. The content of hallucinations and delusions may reflect the limited experiences of people with a learning disability and thus are likely to be less complex.65 Grandiose delusions, for example, are not uncommon, often incorporating a belief that they are someone of great importance. Examples include a client with grandiose delusions who believes they are the charge nurse on a busy learning disability ward; this may be compared to grandiose delusions in the general population which may include being a film star or someone linked to the royal family. It is also important to bear in mind that the developmental or cognitive level of the person should also be considered, so that an ‘imaginary friend’ may not necessarily be considered a delusion belief. Communication difficulties or a limited vocabulary may also affect the interpretation of what the person says; as such it is important to guard against diagnostic overshadowing, and a skilled interviewer is also important, as discussed above.
Psychiatry and Neurological Disorders
Published in John W. Scadding, Nicholas A. Losseff, Clinical Neurology, 2011
These differ from schizophrenia in as much as the only symptom of psychosis is paranoid delusions. These are invariably well systematized, that is, all related to the same theme. For example, a patient may become convinced that they are at the mercy of some huge international conspiracy against them, that started as a result of a small argument at work many years ago. Chronic grandiose delusions may be seen. Erotomania is an example in which the patient is convinced that another person, usually famous, loves them. As a result, they may stalk and pester the subject of the delusion. Hypochondriacal and dysmorphophobic delusions (belief that one’s body is ugly or misshapen) are also seen (see above under Hypochondriasis).
Distinctiveness of the MMPI-3 Self-Importance and Self-Doubt Scales
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2021
Megan R. Whitman, Yossef S. Ben-Porath
The current study also points to several additional directions for research. First, we believe that the meaningful correlations indicating approximately 25% shared variance between SFI and SFD scores reflects the influence of general self-concept, and this conceptualization should be evaluated in future research. Moreover, limited research has been done to elucidate the nomological network of the construct measured by SFI and IPC-7 Positive Valence. The construct validity of this scale should be further elucidated in future studies using clinical samples and non-self-report criteria. Research using samples with adequate variability in grandiose delusions (e.g., in psychotic disorders) or elevations in sense of self (e.g., bipolar disorders) may be particularly useful for expounding the construct validity and clinical utility of the SFI scale. Additionally, research on low SFI scores may also be useful, particularly in terms of their association with depressive symptoms. Inclusion of SFI on the MMPI-3 will facilitate this research as the MMPI instruments are commonly used in many relevant applied settings, such as police and public safety officer pre-employment assessments, forensic evaluations, and mental health treatment.
Impact of psychosis in bipolar disorder during manic episodes*
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2018
Elionor Nehme, Sahar Obeid, Souheil Hallit, Chadia Haddad, Wael Salame, Fouad Tahan
Psychotic symptoms are considered a typical manifestation of severe manic episodes [20,27]. Goodwin showed that 35–60% of manic episodes were accompanied by grandiose delusions, while 18–65% were associated with persecutory delusions, and 7–48% of patients experienced auditory hallucinations, and 19% display formal thought disorder [20]. Racing thoughts, the flight of ideas and distractibility can be present in up to 71% of patients with mania [20]. Hallucinations and delusions are common features of manic episodes, but tend to be brief and fragmented, and often have grandiose, religious or paranoid themes that typically resolve early during recovery phase [11,28]. These symptoms may represent the most prevalent psychotic symptoms in bipolar mania patients which grandiosity is a hallmark feature of mania [13].
Association of treatment facets, severity of manic symptoms, psychomotor disturbances and psychotic features with response to electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar depression
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2021
Giulio E. Brancati, Beniamino Tripodi, Martina Novi, Margherita Barbuti, Pierpaolo Medda, Giulio Perugi
The association between known and putative correlates of response and response (CGI-I ≤ 2) were evaluated. Number of treatment sessions, mean seizure duration (seconds) and episode duration (months) were considered known correlates of response and were tested first. Putative predictors included age (years), sex, bipolar subtype, HAM-D and YMRS pre-treatment scores, severe psychomotor disturbances and psychotic symptoms assessed through BPRS-EV (Overall and Gorham 1962; Ventura et al. 1993). BPRS-EV is a clinician-rated scale comprising 24 items to assess a wide range of psychopathological constructs. Each item is rated in a 7-point scale of severity ranging from ‘not present’ to ‘extremely severe’. Selected BPRS-EV items were taken into consideration to assess psychomotor disturbances and psychotic symptoms (namely, motor retardation, motor tension, motor hyperactivity, mannerisms and posturing, unusual thought content, hallucinations, somatic concern, guilt and suspiciousness). Severe psychomotor signs were considered present when severity of the corresponding BPRS-EV item was rated ≥5 (‘moderately severe’, ‘severe’ or ‘extremely severe’) before treatment. Somatic delusions, delusional guilt and delusions of persecution were considered present when the corresponding BPRS-EV item were rated ≥6 (‘severe’ or ‘extremely severe’). Grandiose delusions were not taken into consideration since only four patients showed scores ≥6 in grandiosity BPRS-EV item. In accordance with BPRS-EV manual (Ventura et al. 1993), delusions in general were considered present when the item unusual thought content was rated ≥4 (‘moderate’ to ‘extremely severe’). Hallucinations were considered present when rated ≥3 (‘mild’ to ‘extremely severe’), thus excluding hypnagogic-hypnopompic experiences not associated with a significant impairment, according to BPRS-EV manual (Ventura et al. 1993).