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Loneliness and social pain
Published in Stephen Buetow, From Loneliness to Solitude in Person-centred Health Care, 2023
When social isolation is not possible, introverts may feel lonely because they cannot be themselves in others’ company. Meeting a social expectation to perform particular social roles makes them uncomfortable. It can feel draining if not exhausting and increase their risk of having accidents.46 Relative to extroversion, introversion also carries evolutionary-relevant costs, producing a healthy balance of personality trait variants across populations.
Play to your strengths
Published in Amar Rughani, Joanna Bircher, The Leadership Hike, 2020
As we discussed in Chapter 4, it is important to be authentic and trustworthy and not to try to mimic any trait that isn’t a natural part of our makeup. That doesn’t mean that we shouldn’t make full use of the traits that we have even if they are not strong. For example, all leaders need to energise people and if our inclination to ‘extroversion’ is low, we may need to make the greatest use of what we have to help us energise others.
Nomological Network of Relationship Harmony for Chinese
Published in Walter J. Lonner, Dale L. Dinnel, Deborah K. Forgays, Susanna A. Hayes, Merging Past, Present, and Future in Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2020
Chun Li, Virginia S. Y. Kwan, Michael Harris Bond
Since relationship harmony measures the relationship established between the actor and others, the assumptions held by both the actor and the surrounding others should contribute to the degree of harmony achieved. For example, it has been demonstrated that self-rated extroverts tend to report more harmonious relationships (Kwan et al., 1997). If Extroversion, as a tendency to reach out to others, to be warm and sociable, is reckoned as facilitating harmonious relationships, a person generally perceived by others as an extrovert should also have higher degree of relationship harmony. In other words, no matter whether perceived by the self or by the others, the presence of ‘Extroversion’ as a favorable factor possessed by any party to a relationship should help to promote a harmonious relationship.
Nature and Impact of Reference Group Effects in Personality Assessment Data
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2023
Madeline R. Lenhausen, Christopher J. Hopwood, Wiebke Bleidorn
Another interesting finding to emerge from this study was people’s perception of change they experienced compared to their past selves. Our findings suggest that people believe they are less agreeable and open, and more extraverted and neurotic compared to what they were like in the past, with little to no change in conscientiousness. This is in stark contrast to robust personality development data, which evidences that personality development follows a maturation trend on average, such that people tend to become more agreeable and conscientious, and less neurotic as they age, with little to no change in extraversion nor openness (Roberts et al., 2006). These differences in findings could partly be explained by expectations people have regarding a past self and how different they should be from the past. Thus, they may be more prone to respond in a way indicative of change than when relating their personality to any entity in the present (e.g., people in general, people their same age).
Exploring Individual Antecedents of Performance Error: False Starts in Collegiate Football
Published in Human Performance, 2021
Joseph Patrick Graczyk, Erich C. Dierdorff, Robert S. Rubin, Grace Lemmon
Personality traits are observable patterns of behavior that are relatively stable over time (Allport, 1937). Meta-analyses have supported positive relationships between major aspects of personality and job performance, as well as negative relationships with CWB (Berry, Ones, & Sackett, 2007; Chiaburu, Oh, Berry, Li, & Gardner, 2011; Hurtz & Donovan, 2000). In the present study, we hypothesize the effects of extraversion and neuroticism (Costa & McCrae, 1992). Extraversion represents a tendency to be social, assertive, and active, whereas neuroticism represents a tendency toward poor social adjustment, anxiety, and hostility. Our choice to hypothesize effects for these traits was motivated by previous scholars who have argued that these specific traits demarcate a “level of vigilance” among individuals (Hansen, 1988), which makes them relevant to the attentional focus (or lack thereof) that is thought to underlie cognitive failures. Although not hypothesized below, we also examined conscientiousness for exploratory purposes as this trait has been linked to job performance and CWB. We did not build a hypothesis for this trait because, unlike extraversion and neuroticism, there is little prior theory to suggest associations that are specific to conscientiousness and unintentional errors such as cognitive failure.
Relationships between morningness, Big Five personality traits, and problematic Internet use in young adult university students: mediating role of depression
Published in Chronobiology International, 2021
Aneta Przepiorka, Agata Blachnio, Andrzej Cudo
Studies seeking the risk factors for the problematic pattern of Internet use examine the Big Five personality traits (e.g., Zilberman et al. 2018). The Big Five Model (B5M) represents universal personality traits relating to five broad personality dimensions: (1) Extraversion/Positive Emotionality, (2) Agreeableness, (3) Conscientiousness, (4) Emotional Stability versus Neuroticism, and (5) Openness/Intellect, as the five basic personality traits identified in the lexical approach (Goldberg 1992). Extraversion refers to the level of activity, energy, sociability, and social confidence. Agreeableness refers to friendly attitude to other people, while Conscientiousness defines the level of organization, diligence in meeting deadlines, dutifulness, and willingness to maintain order. The Emotional Stability/Neuroticism dimension refers to the level of reactivity, emotional balance, and tolerance of frustration. Finally, Openness/Intellect refers to imagination, creativity, and intellectual openness (Strus et al. 2014). The differences in terminology in the case of some dimensions of personality stem from the fact that the Big Five Model and the Five-Factor Model developed in two distinct research traditions (Johnson 2017).