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The psychology of talent development in Paralympic sport: The role of personality
Published in Nima Dehghansai, Ross A. Pinder, Joe Baker, Talent Development in Paralympic Sport: Researcher and practitioner perspectives, 2023
Jeffrey J. Martin, Eva Prokesova, Hannah MacDougall
Personality change is thought to be a function of many momentary repeated states ingrained into long-term patterns resulting in personality traits. Developing mindfulness may be particularly useful as a vehicle for personality change because it is a reflective process (Wrzus & Roberts, 2017). Reflection allows for time to think about past experiences, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors and relive and reinterpret momentary states. The effects of an eight-week mindfulness intervention for people with spinal cord injuries showed greater improvements in depression, pain catastrophizing, and specific facets (e.g., acting with awareness) of mindfulness compared to those receiving psychoeducation training (Hearn & Finlay, 2018).
The Trainee Experiencing Difficulty
Published in Ramesh Mehay, The Essential Handbook for GP Training and Education, 2021
Julie Eccles, Julie Draper, Graham Rutt, Ramesh Mehay
Reminder: our distinctive personality traits affect our behaviour. Those personality traits will derive from particular influences in our upbringing such as our cultural and educational roots. So if you notice, for example, that your trainee displays characteristics such as perfectionism, or a chronic lack of confidence, or strong values based on ‘right and wrong’, these will often have their roots in deeply established patterns of thinking or living instilled by others. It can be very useful to touch on this with your trainee, because a reflective dialogue in this area can lead to important ‘light-bulb’ moments for both of you. This often allows the trainee to temper the influence of particular traits once they realise their roots and impact.
Psychological Rehabilitation of COVID-19
Published in Wenguang Xia, Xiaolin Huang, Rehabilitation from COVID-19, 2021
The psychological test refers to the objective and standardized measurement of people’s psychological state and behavior performance by using psychological theories and techniques, to determine the psychological phenomenon in nature and degree of difference. These include tests for specific cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses related to certain disorders and broader tests that measure personality traits. The test to detect psychological disorders must meet strict standards, including that they be credible, effective, and standardized, that is, meet the requirements of reliability, validity, and standardization. Such tests mainly include the following types.
Prevalence, characteristics and measurement of somatic symptoms related to mental health in medical students: a scoping review
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Edie L. Sperling, Jennifer M. Hulett, LeeAnne B. Sherwin, Sarah Thompson, B. Ann Bettencourt
High rates of mental ill-health amongst healthcare professionals are hypothesized to have their origins in healthcare schooling [19], and healthcare students’ mental health is infamously poor. Medical students demonstrate significantly elevated levels of stress and depression [20–28]. High levels of stress in medical students globally have been shown to correlate with physical symptoms such as gastrointestinal disorders [29–31], musculoskeletal pain [30–37] and delayed antibody production [38], but little research on mental health-related physical symptoms amongst healthcare students has been published in the United States. There is little research on whether physical symptoms of stress eventually progress to chronic psychological or physical disease states at some point during healthcare training or professional life, or whether physical symptoms contribute to occupational burnout or a decision to leave the healthcare field. Coping strategies and personality traits may be protective, or interventions such as mindfulness may help, but further research is needed. This scoping review is the first of its kind to explore the breadth and depth of knowledge on the presence, prevalence, type and severity of somatic symptoms related to mental health experienced by medical students across the globe, and if or how physical symptoms have been addressed thus far via prevention or treatment. This gives us a sense of medical student somatic symptomology internationally, suggests avenues for future research and illuminates the need for research on mental health-related somatic symptoms in U.S. medical students.
Exploring the associations between the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale improved (MESSi) and the higher-order personality factors
Published in Chronobiology International, 2023
Joanna Gorgol, Wojciech Waleriańczyk, Christoph Randler
Research indicates a solid biological basis for these two higher-order personality traits. Alpha-stability is hypothesized to be related to variability in the serotonergic system, while beta-plasticity is indicated as a correlate of the variability in the dopaminergic system (DeYoung et al. 2002). The serotonergic system is strongly involved in the modulation of circadian rhythms. In particular, serotonin may be responsible for the stabilization of circadian rhythms (DeYoung et al. 2002). Serotonin is also involved in emotion regulation (DeYoung et al. 2007), which may explain the positive association between morningness and alpha-stability (DeYoung et al. 2007; Gorgol et al. 2022b). On the other hand, the dopaminergic system is involved in regulating positive affect and cognitive flexibility (Klanker et al. 2013) and regulating circadian rhythms (Korshunov et al. 2017). However, previous research does not report significant associations between morningness-eveningness and beta-plasticity. One reason may be the use of unidimensional measures of morningness-eveningness - DeYoung et al. (2007) used MEQ, while Gorgol et al. (2022b) used CSM. To date, no study has tested the associations between multidimensional morningness-eveningness and the Big Two personality factors.
Structural equation modeling of safety performance based on personality traits, job and organizational-related factors
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Fazel Rajabi, Hamidreza Mokarami, Rosanna Cousins, Mehdi Jahangiri
Personality traits can be defined as patterns of behavior, thought and feelings. In contrast to attitude and behavior, personality is stable. Therefore, personality can be used as a predictor of safety performance, especially for knowledge-based employee selection [17]. Most studies have focused on the so-called ‘Big Five’ personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness) while the facet-level traits have received less attention [8,13,18]. Despite high levels of generality of the Big Five personality traits, their relationship with narrow or domain-specific behaviors (such as safety behaviors) is low when compared with their facet-level traits. According to a general rule known as the bandwidth-fidelity dilemma, constructs are theoretically and empirically inter-related when they share either specificity or generality [6,19]. In this study, three facet-level personality traits – CFSC, SLOC and impulsiveness – were investigated for their ability to predict safety performance.