China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Psychometric Testing in Functional GI Disorders
Published in Kevin W. Olden, Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
The MMPI is the most widely used objective personality-assessment instrument and the most widely researched of all psychological tests (12). First published in 1943, the MMPI contains 10 clinical scales and three validity scales. It consists of 550 different items requiring the client to answer either true or false. It can be administered to patients 16 years of age or older with at least 6 years of formal education. It can usually be completed in 1½ to 2 hours. Scoring can be done by hand or by any of several computer services. The raw scores are converted into T scores directly on the scoring sheet. A T score of 70 is considered to indicate some psychopathology in that area. The validity scales take into account the tendency of patients to lie in answering questions or to fake either psychological health or illness. The MMPI can provide information both on mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, and on variations in personality type. In spite of its length, the MMPI is relatively easy to administer and score, although interpretation of the results requires a good deal of training.
Deception and Psychosis
Published in Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier, Detecting Malingering and Deception, 2020
Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier
PAI (Personality Assessment Inventory) (Morey, 1997; Hopwood, Morey, Rogers, & Sewell, 2007). The PAI was developed by Leslie Morey. It is a self-report 344-item personality test that assesses a respondent’s personality and psychopathology. Each item is a statement about the respondent that the respondent rates with a 4-point scale (1-“Not true at all,” “False,” 2-“Slightly true,” 3-“Mainly true,” and 4-“Very true”). It is used in various contexts, including psychotherapy, crisis/evaluation, forensic, personnel selection, pain/medical, and child custody assessment. The test construction strategy for the PAI was primarily deductive and rational. It has shown good convergent validity with other personality tests, such as the MMPI.
Personality
Published in Ben Green, Problem-based Psychiatry, 2018
The MMPI was originally developed in the late 1930s and 1940s. The MMPI has over 550 items or questions; all are ‘true or false’ in format and the questionnaire may take about two hours to complete. The MMPI has been well researched in terms of reliability and validity. There are various scales embedded within the MMPI which may measure depression, anxiety, fears, negative emotionality, psychotocism, introversion and aggressiveness.
Distinctiveness of the MMPI-3 Self-Importance and Self-Doubt Scales
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2021
Megan R. Whitman, Yossef S. Ben-Porath
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was developed in the early 1940s and its subsequent editions remain among the most commonly used assessment tools in psychology (see Ben-Porath, 2012; Martin et al., 2015). The longevity of the test is no accident, as its original authors, Hathaway and McKinley, saw the instrument as a starting point for ongoing improvement1. Indeed, more recent efforts to update the inventory reflect advances in scientific knowledge in terms of both scale construction and psychopathology (Sellbom, 2019). The most recent revisions to the test are found in the MMPI-3, which provides an updated normative sample (replacing norms collected in the mid-1980s) and increased coverage of constructs relevant in the assessment of personality and psychopathology (Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2020a, 2020b). One such construct involves beliefs that one has special talents, abilities, and qualities—which is measured by the new MMPI-3 Self-Importance (SFI) scale.
Flexible and Conditional Administration of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2–Restructured Form in Presurgical Psychological Evaluations of Spine Surgery Candidates
Published in Journal of Personality Assessment, 2020
Alison D. Carey, Anthony M. Tarescavage, Andrew R. Block, Yossef S. Ben-Porath
See Table 3 for the average item and time savings of the standard computer administration of the MMPI–2–RF versus seven possible FCAs in the study samples. The standard MMPI–2–RF administration has 338 items with a projected administration time of 25 to 35 min. The time savings statistics described next and presented in Table 3 use these values as points of comparison. To orient the reader to the statistics, we describe next the item and time savings for an FCA of the VAL, EID, THD, BXD, and SOM/COG domains of the test in the spine surgery sample (i.e., the third row of Table 3). A median of 193 indicates that an average of 193 items were administered. This represents an absolute item decrease of 43% when compared to the standard 338-item administration. By extension, a 43% decrease of the typical 338-item administration time yields a projected computer administration time of 14 to 20 min.
Utility of the MMPI-2-RF in Sexual Violence Risk Assessment
Published in International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2020
Jaime L. Anderson, Robbi Brockhaus, Julia Kloefer, Martin Sellbom
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI; Hathaway & McKinley, 1942) and its subsequent iterations, the MMPI-2 (Butcher et al., 1989/2001) and the MMPI-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008/2011) have a long history of use and acceptance in forensic settings, including in risk assessment contexts (e.g., Archer et al., 2006; Bow et al., 2006; Lees-Haley, 1992; Neal & Grisso, 2014). Each iteration of the MMPI has been developed as a broad measure of personality and psychopathology, including scales ranging from externalizing dysfunction, internalizing symptoms, somatization, thought disorder, and interpersonal functioning. Its more recent version, the MMPI-2-RF, is a widely used measure of broad psychopathology that maps onto contemporary models of psychopathology (Kotov et al., 2017). Importantly, although no MMPI scale explicitly measures sexually deviant behavior, the MMPI has long been used to assess risk factors related to both physical and sexual aggression.