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Accidents and Unintentional Injuries
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
MVA, or road traffic accidents, are the leading cause of accidental death globally for pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and vehicle drivers.3 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), most traffic accidents occur in developing countries with the highest risks for younger age groups (5–29 years), male gender, and those with low-middle socioeconomic status.3 Additional risk factors for traffic accidents include: speeding; driving under the influence; nonuse of helmets and seatbelts; distracted driving; unsafe road infrastructure; unsafe vehicles; inadequate post-crash care; and inadequate enforcement of traffic laws.3 In 2017, the WHO launched the Save LIVES campaign, an initiative including the following evidence-based priorities: Speed management; Leadership; Infrastructure design and improvement; Vehicle safety standards; Enforcement of traffic laws; and post-crash Survival. The goals are to, literally, save lives and reduce the risks of traffic accidents globally with proven strategies.4
Evaluating Forensic Cases
Published in Julie Dickinson, Anne Meyer, Karen J. Huff, Deborah A. Wipf, Elizabeth K. Zorn, Kathy G. Ferrell, Lisa Mancuso, Marjorie Berg Pugatch, Joanne Walker, Karen Wilkinson, Legal Nurse Consulting Principles and Practices, 2019
Marjorie Berg Pugatch, Deborah A. Wipf, Sandra Higelin, Jennifer Oldham, Anita Symonds
Electronics in motor vehicles and cell phones may play an increasing role in DUI cases including sensors and ignition locks in cars that may detect when a driver is under the influence or computer technology in the car that tracks speed and erratic driving maneuvers. As recently as the writing of this chapter, Washington State has enacted a new “E-DUI” law for driving under the influence of cell phones (distracted driving), (Fox News, 2017).
Risky Health Behaviors
Published in Deborah Fish Ragin, Health Psychology, 2017
New studies on the dangers of texting while driving add yet another contributing factor to automobile accidents. A recent naturalistic study by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (2016) reveals that engaging in visual-manual subtasks, including dialing a cell phone number or texting, makes a driver three times more likely to be involved in a crash. Admittedly, adolescents are not the only age group that regularly engages in texting while driving. However, another study by Wilson and Stimpson (2010) shows that, once again, adolescents are disproportionally represented in the rates of automobile fatalities when texting is involved. Their study showed that after a gradual decline in distracted driver accidents and fatalities in the U.S. between 1999 and 2005, deaths due to distracted driving, which includes texting, rose beginning in 2005. A total of 5,817 automobile fatalities due to distracted driving were recorded in 2005, up from 4,563 in 1999 (Wilson & Stimpson, 2010). What is more, Wilson & Stimpson (2010) were able to show that the increase in text messaging was strongly correlated with the increased rates of distracted driver fatalities between 2005 and 2008. As for adolescents’ role in these outcomes, Wilson & Stimpson (2010) note that drivers between the ages of 16 and 29 accounted for 39% of all distracted driver fatalities in 2008, the largest percentage of all age groups. Drivers between 30 and 49 years of age accounted for 33.2% of such fatalities, and drivers 50 years of age and older were involved in just 27.8% of such incidences.
Injury severity analysis of two-vehicle crashes at unsignalized intersections using mixed logit models
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2022
Renteng Yuan, Jing Gan, Zhipeng Peng, Qiaojun Xiang
As presented in Table 6, young drivers have the greatest increase in the probability of S level injury. Although young drivers tend to have less reaction times as well as strong physical condition, their driving faster and more aggressive could explain the higher serious risk. The result is supported by Kaysi and Abbany (2007) who found that young drivers tend to become aggressive at unsignalized intersections. The variable “distracted” is used to describe situations where driver’s attention is attracted to other behaviors before realizing that an accident is coming, such as using mobile phone, eating, smoking etc. It can be extracted from the cause of the crash as identified by law enforcement. In this paper, distracted driving is found to increase crash severity in both models. Similar results have been reported in Zhu and Srinivasan (2011).
Motorcycle risky behaviours and road accidents among adolescents in Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2021
Yuyun Umniyatun, Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah, Yoli Farradika, Tri Bayu Purnama, Didin Nuruddin Hidayat
Those who were using a mobile phone while driving increases 1.60 times to get involved in motorcycle accidents. Another research study among university students in Vietnam also showed similar results that motorcycle riders who do texting and searching for information on their mobile phones while riding were likely to be involved in a motorcycle crash/fall (Truong et al., 2018). Indeed, distracted driving is a growing threat to road safety, such as the use of mobile phones and other in-vehicle technologies (Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development & World Health Organization, 2018). Cognitive distraction and both manual and visual distractions could be caused by texting, even talking on mobile phones without holding or browsing a phone can reduce driving performance (World Health Organization, 2018).
Hazards of using mobile devices while in motion
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2018
Distractions can lead to injuries, especially when a person is in motion. The impact of distractions while in motion such as driving or walking has been a subject of recent inquiry. Walking while texting or talking on the phone, watching a video on the phone, or listening to music on any mobile device has been found to be very hazardous. It is even more hazardous to be doing these distractive tasks while running or driving. Simply put, these distractive tasks shouldn’t be done while in motion. Doing these distractive tasks while driving can be hazardous not only to oneself but also to other motorists as well as to vulnerable road users. Similarly, doing these distractive tasks while running or walking can be hazardous to oneself as well as to other passers-by. These days, it is not uncommon to see runners with headphones bumping into other runners or walkers in the park and causing injuries to themselves and their victims. Some of the common risks associated with distracted walking include trips, sprains, strains, fractures, cuts, bruises, concussions, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, and injury to someone else. The risks increase exponentially with distracted driving.