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An Approach for Designing of Domain Models in Smart Health Informatics Systems Considering Their Cognitive Characteristics
Published in Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem, Innovative Smart Healthcare and Bio-Medical Systems, 2020
Olena Chebanyuk, Olexandr Palahin
Human cognitive abilities have limits (Green & Blackwell, 1998). For example, Miller (1956) found that a person’s short-term memory has limited capacity to remember chunks of information (Endres & Rombach, 2003). Modern psychology has even more sophisticated models of how memory works. Simon (1982) argued that “bounded rationality” is an important aspect of human problem solving, and design activities, in particular.
Transaction cost economics
Published in David Kernick, Getting Health Economics into Practice, 2018
Bounded rationality: The volume of information that market decision makers need to take into account in order to make fully rational decisions is often simply too great for them to deal with. Put another way, there is information overload. In these circumstances, a market will not necessarily produce an efficient outcome.
Allocating limited healthcare resources
Published in David Kernick, Helen Bevan, Complexity and Healthcare Organization, 2018
There is a bewildering array of analytical models and frames that seek to illuminate public policy and decision-making processes (see Parsons13 for a comprehensive and accessible overview). The spectrum of approaches includes: rationality - an explicit articulation of objectives and values and examination ofthe costs and consequences of alternativesbounded rationality14 - recognizes the limits to rational behaviour due to limited information and processing power. The concept of ‘satisficing’ is emphasized - courses of action that are good enoughincremental models - change by mutual adjustment and negotiation, and underpinned by pragmatism and learning15garbage can decision making - problems and solutions are messy and their resolution depends arbitrarily on the time they are picked up and the availability of cans in which to put them.16
Moving From Understanding of Consent Conditions to Heuristics of Trust
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2019
Michael M. Burgess, Kieran C. O’Doherty
In contrast to theorists who see heuristics as inferior forms of decision making, Gigerenzer and colleagues, drawing on the work of Herbert Simon, suggest that real-world settings require individuals to make decisions under conditions of limited information, time, and processing capacity (Gigerenzer 2008). Given these constraints, decision making often manifests “bounded rationality,” satisfying thresholds of acceptability given the constrains of time and effort in particular settings. Gigerenzer and Todd (2012) explicitly claim that this is not merely a descriptive account, but a normative one as well. “Ecological rationality” takes into consideration the suitability of the decision-making process for the particular environment. It is therefore not surprising that Beskow and Weinfurt report that experts were hesitant to dismiss as “failed” the decisions that did not live up to the demands of classical rationality. In the context of deciding to participate in biobanks or research, highly adaptive cognitive processes help us make good, but efficient, decisions based on our read of the situation.
Thematic Coherence Within Narratives: A Feature or a Bug?
Published in AJOB Neuroscience, 2020
Noam Goldberg, Vidhura Malkowsky, Talya Ohana, Dov Greenbaum
Goldberg's focus on casual and thematic coherence within a narrative are not necessarily novel. They have long been pertinent in the context of patient-researcher relationships, where patients have inherent “bounded rationality:” while most patients are conscious and capable of making decisions for themselves, not all are consistently rational. Patients subconsciously fill in gaps in memory when relaying their narrative to their physician (Lee 2011). In the field of psychiatry and psychotherapy, clinicians have adopted the method of narrative therapy where they rely heavily on patients’ ‘testimony’ in order to reach diagnoses and treatment decisions. This model assumes that people use stories to form identity, derive meaning, and ultimately make sense of their own lives.
Transaction cost economics and trust in the hospital sector: An empirical examination using the example of Germany
Published in International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2018
Because of bounded rationality and the limited capacity of individuals to handle information, agreements and contracts must be assumed as incomplete when examining insourcing or outsourcing decisions. It is not possible for an individual or a firm to negotiate agreements or contracts which cover all eventualities. Following Ariño and Reuer [21], Gulati and Nickerson [22], Gaetano [23] Connelly et al. [24], James [25], Ebers and Semrau [26] and Hendrikse et al. [27], trust between trading partners is a way to complement incomplete agreements and contracts. Therefore, the concept of trust should be taken into account as a complement of TCE. Trust helps explain why coordination occurs in or between firms, even if agreements or contracts are incomplete.