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Life Enrichment through Emotion
Published in Lisa D. Hinz, Beyond Self-Care for Helping Professionals, 2018
It is paramount that therapists are aware of judgments and resulting behavior that can be influenced by heuristics and biases. Heuristics and biases have been described as mental shortcuts and habitual ways of thinking that quickly, powerfully, and unconsciously influence decision making and problem solving (Rogerson, et al., 2011). Because they are customary ways of thinking, heuristics and biases often are not thought through before implementation; they are automatic. They allow for decision making that is efficient and rapid. Traditional beliefs are one type of heuristic that influences behavior. I have worked with nurses, therapists, and clergy who ascribed to what they described as traditional Christian beliefs, and within this belief system they characterized self-care as selfish. They consistently put other people’s needs ahead of their own without thinking because “it is the Christian thing to do,” but before long they were depleted and resentful. They eventually came to experience taking care of others as a duty, not as a delight. Another type of mental shortcut is the affect heuristic which, as the name implies, involves emotion. When the affect heuristic is at work, the strong emotion coloring a difficult situation quickly and powerfully influences a decision without conscious input. People rashly make decisions that will rapidly reduce their uncomfortable emotions, not understanding that it was discomfort rather than logic that motivated them (Rogerson, et al., 2011). Slowing down and reflecting in the presence of strong emotion can counteract the affect heuristic.
A content analysis of online news media reporting on the human papillomavirus vaccination programme in South Africa
Published in Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology, 2018
Sharon Attipoe-Dorcoo, Vedantha Singh, Jennifer Moodley
A descriptive content analysis of information provided on the HPV vaccine, cervical cancer and the South Africa campaign national HPV vaccination programme, as well as the headline and article tone in online news articles, was conducted. The analysis was guided by the Affect Heuristic Conceptual Framework.28,29 The manner in which risk is communicated has been shown to influence how risks are perceived.28 Affect heuristic posits that people have negative or positive degrees of affect associated with perceived risks that determine decision behaviour.29 In the case of the HPV vaccination programme, the affect is likely influenced by perceived risks of HPV vaccination in young girls.30 Previous content analyses of online media content of HPV vaccination indicated that articles with anti-vaccination messages had inaccurate vaccine information, which could lead to false perceived risks and decision behaviors.22
Managing vulnerabilities in practitioner decision-making within sport psychology services: Responding to the evidence base
Published in Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2023
There is also the consideration of the affect heuristic (Slovic et al., 2007) where, as previously noted, our emotions can negatively influence the quality of our judgements. To avoid decision-making pitfalls associated with the way emotion impacts cognition, sport psychology practitioners may seek to make key decisions in an environment with an acceptable stress level, (e.g., at a physical and emotional distance from the high-pressure environment of competition). Such a precaution would also enable the practitioner to act as a good role model for the athlete, making key decisions in a calm, considered manner. This strategy also fits well with Poczwardowski et al. (1998) notion of managing oneself as an intervention instrument. Of course, putting such advice into practice is not easy given the “pressure-cooker” of serious sports competition that most practitioners work within. However, there are a number of ways of making this process easier. For instance, one of the current authors has developed a policy of never providing support immediately before or during competition, or suggesting any changes to the athlete’s psychological strategies for at least 48 hours post-competition. This provides a barrier to making emotion-laden, knee-jerk decisions, similar to Duke’s (2018) concept of the Ulysses contract. Though this may not work for all practitioners, this policy is made clear to all potential clients and explained, and once athletes understand the rationale for this they are usually very receptive. In addition, extensive use of a humble checklist (see Discussion) can help avoid the intuitive, emotion-driven decision-making that is likely to dominate in these contexts.
Information Avoidance in Consumer Choice: Do Avoidance Tendencies and Motives Vary by Age?
Published in Experimental Aging Research, 2023
Stephanie L. Deng, Julia Nolte, Corinna E. Löckenhoff
Participants provided informed consent and responded to various background measures included in the pre-registration. Then they completed the information avoidance scenarios and rated the implications for decision preferences and affective experiences, followed by additional background measures. In the same survey, participants also completed a series of tasks quantifying age differences in the use of the affect heuristic (Nolte & Löckenhoff, 2021) that are not part of the present study.