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Moringa oleifera (Drumstick)
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Furthermore, the synthesis of reactive oxygen species by moringa is precise and attacks only cancer-causing cells, presenting it as the most suitable anticancer agent. Tiloke et al. (2013) also revealed that the extracts enhanced the glutathione-s-transferase expression, decreasing the antioxidant expression. Leaf extracts of moringa have been demonstrated to be anticancer and antioxidant agents which persuade reactive oxygen species. The leaves' constituents held accountable for the anticancer effects are benzyl isothiocyanate, glucosinolates and niazimicin (Hermawan et al., 2012). While benzyl isothiocyanate has been demonstrated to be associated with cancer, data from the research reveals that benzyl isothiocyanate causes reactive oxygen species inside the cells to grow, giving rise to cells' death. This could be among the causes for moringa to act as a fine anticancer herb (Gopalakrishnan et al., 2016).
Phytochemicals: Some Basics
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
It has long been known that inclusion of deep-green vegetables in the diet is protective against the development of cancers. The polyphenols in these vegetables protect not only by acting as antioxidants, but also by affecting cell signaling processes that martial the body’s natural abilities to fight off kill aberrant, rapidly multiplying cells.18 The National Cancer Institute has recommended including cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kale, and others, for their abilities to ward off cancer. In addition to polyphenols, these plants contain the nonflavonoid, sulfur-containing phenolic compounds isothiocyanates that have been found to inhibit cancer growth by other mechanisms. Some isothiocyanates, for example, sulforaphane,19 appear to ward off cancer by inhibiting mTOR and the protein synthesis it can stimulate. To some extent, this is at odds with the antidepressant effect of ketamine and other antidepressants in stimulating mTOR. However, sulforaphane has been found to produce antidepressant-like effects in mice.20 Indeed, the various cell signaling processes are complex and interwoven, and there is evidence that some of the end products of mTOR stimulation, such as BDNF, are enhanced by isothiocyanates. For example, one study has shown that the isothiocyanates of onion and garlic enhance BDNF and neural plasticity by dampening abnormal inflammatory processes in the brain.21
Clinical Features of Colorectal Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Jamie Murphy, Norman S. Williams
Changes in DNA methylation are central to the development of CpG island methylator phenotype and a subset of microsatellite instability pathway colorectal cancers.101 Certain environmental and dietary factors seem to influence aberrant DNA/microRNA methylation and histone modifications.102 Thus, chronic deficiency of both methionine and choline results in alterations of DNA methylation and produces tumours in rodents. More importantly, from the human situation deficiency of folate may have similar effects. Animal studies have shown that isothiocyanates found in large amounts in cruciferous vegetables inhibit both carcinogenesis and DNA methylation.
Formulation of a dual drug-loaded nanoparticulate co-delivery hydrogel system and its validation in rheumatoid arthritis animal model
Published in Drug Delivery, 2023
Prakash Haloi, B. Siva Lokesh, Saurabh Chawla, V. Badireenath Konkimalla
Natural isothiocyanates (ITCs) from vegetables have drawn a lot of research focus for the past two decades to treat and prevent cancer. PEITC is a member of the natural isothiocyanate family, a health-promoting molecule found in many cruciferous vegetables (Cang et al., 2014). One of the most studied natural ITCs, PEITC possesses significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties (Hu et al., 2007; Shoaib et al., 2021). In addition to their many biological roles, PEITCs also play a crucial role in regulating osteoclastogenesis, a crucial process in conditions like osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis that affect the bones and joints (Murakami et al., 2007). The therapeutic application of PEITC is restricted by its poor aqueous solubility, instability, and low bioavailability, although cellular and animal studies significantly impact various disease conditions such as cancer and RA (Choudhary et al., 2020; Mohanty et al., 2020; Wang & Bao, 2021).
Volatile composition, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity potential of Brassica incana leaf and flowering top extracts
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Maria Fernanda Taviano, Sonia Núñez, Adrián Millán-Laleona, Concetta Condurso, Antonella Verzera, Maria Merlino, Monica Ragusa, Natalizia Miceli, Víctor López
These results are quite different from those reported in our previous study on the volatiles of B. incana leaves (Tripodi et al. 2012); this can be explained considering that previously the SPME extraction technique was directly applied to the fresh plant leaves, and the characteristic “green leaf” volatiles, such as (E)-2-hexanal (leaf aldehyde), (Z)-3-hexenol (leaf alcohol) and, in general, C6 aldehydes and alcohols, resulted the main constituents of the leaf headspace; instead isothiocyanates were the main volatiles of the hydroalcoholic extract of B. incana leaves. Isothiocyanates arise from the glucosinolate hydrolysis after plant cell rupture, and in case of the hydroalcoholic extract, the procedure for sample preparation certainly favoured their formation (Fenwick et al. 1983). However, in both cases the class of isothiocyanates was constituted mostly of 3-butenyl isothiocyanate.
Anti-photoaging effects of flexible nanoliposomes encapsulated Moringa oleifera Lam. isothiocyanate in UVB-induced cell damage in HaCaT cells
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Yijin Wang, Qianqian Ouyang, Xuefei Chang, Min Yang, Junpeng He, Yang Tian, Jun Sheng
Seeds from the moringa tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) contain rich isothiocyanates (MITC) that emerged as highly stable analogues because of the additional sugar moiety present in the aglycone portion of the molecule. Isothiocyanates are organic compounds with a –N═C═S group in their structures (Waterman et al., 2014), To be specific, we used 4-[(α-l-rhamnosyloxy) benzyl] isothiocyanate to complete experiment. The compound is easy to decompose under light or normal temperature. Studies have indicated that MITC exhibit excellent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities (Tumer et al., 2015). Our previous study showed that MITC had an excellent effect on skin photoaging; however, its application in anti-photoaging cosmetics remains limited because of its easy decomposition under light and heat. Further, MITC is a fat-soluble compound with poor water solubility, which leads to low bioavailability. In addition, the effect of the skin barrier hinders the efficient delivery of drugs, thereby making it difficult to predict the transdermal process. In previous studies, the nanodelivery systems of isothiocyanates have been concerned (Wang & Bao, 2021). But researchers have focused more on the development of oral isothiocyanate as an anticancer nanodelivery system. There is little research on the transdermal delivery system of isothiocyanate.