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IVIg Treatment for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Published in Howard J.A. Carp, Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, 2020
Since IVIg has been associated with significant cost and potential side effects, an alternative treatment has been sought. Evidence from both animal [55] and human [48,56,57] studies suggest that intralipid administered intravenously may enhance implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. Intralipid is a 20% intravenous fat emulsion used routinely as a source of fat and calories for patients requiring parenteral nutrition. It is composed of 10% soybean oil, 1.2% egg yolk phospholipids, 2.25% glycerine, and water.
Immunological causes of recurrent implantation failure
Published in Efstratios M. Kolibianakis, Christos A. Venetis, Recurrent Implantation Failure, 2019
Ari Kim, Wael Saab, Nayoung Sung, Joanne Kwak-Kim
The infusion of intralipid, which is a sterile, nonpyrogenic fat emulsion, has been reported to improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with RIF. A number of studies suggest that intralipid has immune modulatory functions including suppression of NK cell cytotoxicities and proinflammatory cytokine production.66 These studies indicated that intralipid could be a therapeutic option to modulate abnormal NK cytotoxicity in women with reproductive failure.67 In a retrospective review of pregnancy outcomes of 200 women including 162 women with RIF and 38 with RPL, who had elevated NK cell cytotoxicity, intralipid infusion treatment was as effective as IVIG treatment in the overall live birth/ongoing pregnancy rate per cycle between women treated with IVIG (56%) and intralipid (61%, p = NS).68 While there is potential for intralipid therapy as an economically affordable treatment strategy to improve pregnancy outcome, substantial datasets are hard to come by, rendering it difficult to make a firm recommendation.69 Although generally considered as a safe and easily accessible treatment by clinicians, in 2015, Public Health England became aware of three women who developed severe sepsis following administration of intravenous intralipid (20%), believed to be as a result of poor practice in the administration leading to contamination of the product.
Hyperthermia of Liver
Published in Leopold J. Anghileri, Jacques Robert, Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment, 2019
Joseph L. Skibba, Edward J. Quebbeman
The effect of palmitate on hepatic nitrogen metabolism in the presence or absence of supplemental amino acids was studied in the perfused rat liver at 37 and 42°C.74 In addition, Intralipid®, a clinically employed lipid emulsion, was also evaluated. Endogenous ureogenesis was not effected by added palmitate or lipid emulsion at 37°C, but significantly increased at 42°C in control and palmitate-supplemented liver perfusions. No change in ureogenesis occurred in the presence of the lipid emulsion at either temperature.74 Addition of amino acids to the perfusate stimulated urea formation sevenfold over controls at 37°C,74 but hyperthermia significantly suppressed this increase in ureogenesis to a twofold increase over controls. At 42°C, ureogenesis from amino acids was not increased by either palmitate or the lipid emulsion.72
Use of Ag-Au-ICG to increase fluorescence image of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2023
Pattarapol Sittisart, Kitsakorn Locharoenrat
In this study, Au-core, Ag-shell nanorods serving as ICG nanocarrier were proposed as an alternative to the traditional ICG staining and was meant to reduce the ICG dose, which might cause some unwanted side effects, such as allergic reactions [15]. The Au-core, Ag-shell nanorods were selected because they showed tuneable fluorescence signals under near-infrared light as compared with Ag alone and Au alone of similar sizes [16,17]. Aggregation of positively charged core-shell nanostructures on the negatively charged cellular surface yielded strong fluorescence emission. Thus, our compound could potentially be used as a bioimaging agent. Intralipid was widely used as an optical model for mimicking living tissue scattering properties. Intralipid was here as well as it is an FDA approved fat emulsion used nutritional supplement for patients undergoing cancer treatment [18]. Pre-treatment with Intralipid with chemo drugs increased the tumour cytotoxicity and reduced the off-target toxicity, which further led to a reduction of chemotherapeutic drug dosage. In our study, we showed that the Ag-Au-ICG complex utilised in the near-infrared window is less affected by photon absorption and scattering effects; thus, improving fluorescence contrast imaging of cancer cell lines. The microenvironment interaction mechanism underlying the Ag-Au-ICG tested in cancer cell lines would provide a clear picture of their safety (early detection and diagnosis) and cytotoxicity. Following proper preparation, bioimaging might enable a clear visualisation of tumour organoids and tissues in the next step.
Liposome supported peritoneal dialysis in rat amitriptyline exposure with and without intravenous lipid emulsion
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2019
Robin Chapman, Martyn Harvey, Paul Davies, Zimei Wu, Grant Cave
Animals were randomized to one of three treatment groups using a random number generator.Group A: Negative control (five subjects). Intravenous antidote-Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) standard therapy (1 mEq/Kg of 150 mmol/L NaHCO3). Intraperitoneal dialysate - standard peritoneal dialysate (20 ml of a solution containing 150 mmol/L Na+, 120 mmol/l Cl−, 30 mmol/l HCO3, and 1.25% glucose). The concentration of glucose was chosen based on that most likely to maintain constant volume of dialysate in the peritoneal cavity.Group B: Positive control (five subjects). Intravenous antidote - NaHCO3 standard therapy(1 mEq/Kg of 150 mmol/L NaHCO3). Intraperitoneal dialysate - liposome supported peritoneal dialysate (50 mg lipid load in standard peritoneal dialysate).Group C: Treatment arm (six subjects). Intravenous antidote - Intravenous lipid emulsion(6.2 ml/kg of 20% Intralipid®). Intraperitoneal dialysate - Liposome supported peritoneal dialysate (50 mg lipid load in standard peritoneal dialysate).
A tissue-mimicking prostate phantom for 980 nm laser interstitial thermal therapy
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2019
R. Geoghegan, A. Santamaria, A. Priester, L. Zhang, H. Wu, W. Grundfest, L. Marks, S. Natarajan
Polyacrylamide gel was chosen as the base material for the phantom due to its high melting point, optical transparency, and appropriate thermal properties [18]. The gel was prepared by mixing Acrylamide/bis-acrylamide (19:1 40% w/v, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., CA, AM9024) with degassed deionized water. The solution was then doped with various ingredients to change the phantom optical properties. At 980 nm, the primary absorbers in tissue are water molecules, oxyhemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin. As polyacrylamide contains a large quantity of water, the 26]. Intralipid is a solution of soybean oil (20%), egg yolk phospholipids (1.2%), glycerin (2.25%) and water (76.55%). Phospholipid micelles from the soybean oil scatter light; thus, 27]. Finally, BSA (30.8% w/v, Boval Co., TX, CF-0020) was used to ensure an increase in