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Preparing the Malnourished Patient for Parenteral Nutrition (PN)
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
Parenteral nutrition -related risks occur in two major groups: on initiation and during ongoing therapy. The risks of initiation are related to the metabolic, electrolyte and fluid shifts that occur with nutritional repletion in a malnourished patient. The most serious of these are the refeeding syndrome and Wernicke's Encephalopathy (WE). But significant electrolyte imbalances, volume overload and glucose imbalances should be expected in the early phase of parenteral nutrition.
Malnutrition
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Laura Gearman, Catherine Larson-Nath
Parenteral nutrition may be indicated in patients with impaired gut function as the etiology of malnutrition or patients who are unable to meet 100% of nutrition requirements from oral or enteral nutrition. See Chapter 9 for more information on parenteral nutrition.
Nutrition and Quality of Life in Adults Receiving Palliative Care
Published in Victor R. Preedy, Handbook of Nutrition and Diet in Palliative Care, 2019
Mick Fleming, Caroline J. Hollins Martin, Derek Larkin, Colin R. Martin
Parenteral nutrition: The process of providing longer-term nutritional support for people who do not have a functioning gastric tract and who require nutrition to be delivered through a non-alimentary route. Nutrition is delivered via central and/or peripheral veins depending on the length of time required to provide nutrition through this route.
Association of antenatal magnesium sulfate with reduced late-onset sepsis in extreme preterm infants
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2023
Sophie Vanhaesebrouck, Alexandra Zecic, Linde Goossens, Annelies Keymeulen, Lara Garabedian, Julie De Meulemeester, Pauline Naessens, Kris De Coen, Koenraad Smets
After nearest neighbor matching based on birth weight, gestational age, gender, and multiplicity, a total of 60 extreme infants was compared in two equal groups depending on the fact whether they developed LOS or not. Increased duration of parenteral nutrition (p = 0.003) and hospital stay (p = 0.013) remained significantly different. Infants developing LOS had an increased duration of parenteral nutrition of 7 days and a prolonged NICU stay of almost 14 days. In both groups (LOS/no LOS), approximately 70% of infants were discharged home, the remaining 30% were transferred to a regional hospital before going home. Also, administration of magnesium sulfate (p = 0.004) and the incidence of PVL (p = 0.007) also remained significantly different between those developing LOS and those who did not. Infants without LOS significantly received more magnesium sulfate and developed less PVL. Data are shown in Table 1.
Management of COPD patients during COVID: difficulties and experiences
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2021
Mario Cazzola, Josuel Ora, Andrea Bianco, Paola Rogliani, Maria Gabriella Matera
Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 need prompt and appropriate nutritional intervention because sarcopenia induced by a decrease in weight and muscle mass may appear due to prolonged hospitalization that often causes protracted immobilization with consequent catabolism. This risk is even higher in COPD patients who often have a relatively high prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia [77]. All patients admitted with COVID-19 should have their nutritional status assessed. According to the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism expert statement, nutritional intervention must be considered as an integral part of the approach to patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection [78]. This statement has proposed 10 recommendations for managing nutritional care in COVID-19 patients highlighting that all elderly, frail and comorbid subjects, including those with COPD, should receive nutritional therapy. If the patient cannot be fed satisfactorily with enteral nutrition, it is necessary to begin parenteral nutrition.
A new perspective of the risk of caustic substance ingestion: the outcomes of 468 patients in one North Taiwan medical center within 20 years
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2021
Yu-Jhou Chen, Chen-June Seak, Shih-Ching Kang, Tsung-Hsing Chen, Chien-Cheng Chen, Chip-Jin Ng, Chao-Wei Lee, Ming-Yao Su, Hsin-Chih Huang, Pin-Cheng Chen, Chun-Hsiang Ooyang, Sen-Yung Hsieh, Hao-Tsai Cheng
Proton pump inhibitors or H2 antagonists were prescribed to treat caustic injury. Patients received parenteral nutrition without oral intake until their clinical status was regarded as stable. In cases of suspected infection, blood cultures were obtained before the administration of antibiotics (gentamicin and first-generation cephalosporins). Once destabilization or respiratory difficulty was encountered, a patient was transferred to the ICU for critical care. Follow-up EGD was performed if indicated. After discharge, patients were followed up in the outpatient clinic for at least 6 months. Although the exact treatment strategies might have been altered individually according to different clinical conditions, the major principles for similar cases did not change significantly during the past 20 years at our center.