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Macronutrients
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Eggs and milk are the best sources of proteins and non-carcinogens. However, egg yolk is rich in cholesterol. Therefore, limiting egg consumption to about seven eggs a week may be helpful for the health of normal adults.
Toxoplasma gondii
Published in Peter D. Walzer, Robert M. Genta, Parasitic Infections in the Compromised Host, 2020
Immunocompromised patients should be serologically tested for evidence of previous toxoplasma infection and should be advised by their physician of the appropriate method to prevent infection with Toxoplasma, especially if there is no serological evidence of previous infection. Specifically, because the infection is usually transmitted by ingestion of meat that contains the cyst form of the organism or foods contaminated with oocysts, attempts should be made to eradicate the infectious organism from food. The tissue cyst can be rendered noninfectious by cooking meat thoroughly until well done or by freezing meat at -20°C for 24 hr prior to use. After handling raw meat, hands should be washed with soap and water. Eggs should not be eaten raw. Unpasteurized goat's milk and cheese should be avoided. The patient should avoid contact with cat feces or foods potentially contaminated with oocysts. Fruits and vegetables should be washed, because flies, cockroaches, and other copraphagious insects serve as transport hosts for T. gondii oocysts, and their access to food should be prevented. The patient should be educated that the oocysts may remain in the environment in an infectious state for a prolonged period of time (24).
Chicken Eggs and Human Health
Published in Robert E.C. Wildman, Richard S. Bruno, Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 2019
Jonathan Merkle, Christopher Bailey, Kevin Ruff
Eggs are a highly nutritious food product. Eggs are a good source (10%–19% daily value) of protein, riboflavin, vitamin B12, and zinc. According to the American Egg Board, eggs are considered the most economical source of high-quality protein, and on an analysis of grams per protein per dollar spent, eggs rank higher than both chicken breast and ground beef.15 Eggs are also an excellent source (20+% daily value) of biotin, pantothenic acid, iodine, selenium, molybdenum, and choline. Because the source of cholesterol in eggs is the yolk, it has not been uncommon for consumers to eat egg products prepared only from egg whites due to historical misconceptions about the safety of dietary cholesterol. Although the egg white does contain some of the protein, riboflavin, and selenium, by skipping the yolk, consumers miss out on much of the good and excellent sources of nutrients mentioned above.16 A proportional breakdown of the nutrient composition of the white versus the yolk is presented in Figure 16.3.
Intake of eggs, choline, lutein, zeaxanthin, and DHA during pregnancy and their relationship to fetal neurodevelopment
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2023
Danielle N. Christifano, Lynn Chollet-Hinton, Dirk Hoyer, Alexander Schmidt, Kathleen M. Gustafson
Experts agree choline is essential for proper fetal and infant development; however, nearly all pregnant women in the United States fall short of the Adequate Intake (450 mg/day), with only ∼10% of Americans meeting recommendations.1 Eggs are one of the richest sources of choline in the human diet, providing 115 mg of choline per one yolk, yet most women get their choline primarily from milk which contains fewer mg of choline per serving.2 Furthermore, eggs contain a variety of nutrients in addition to choline, including lutein, zeaxanthin, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have been implicated in infant memory and cognition.3 While each of these nutrients have been studied in isolation in terms of infant outcomes, together they have the potential to act synergistically to promote healthy brain development early in life.
The powder in the basement: how an unlabeled poison inspired federal legislative change
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2022
Keahi M. Horowitz, Robert G. Hendrickson, Adam Blumenberg
The eggs were packaged by Armour & Company as “Armour’s Clover Bloom Egg Yolks,” and supplied by the federal surplus – the same supply that was distributed across the country as part of food rationing during the war effort (Figure 3) [5]. Were all the eggs potentially toxic? Was the whole country in danger? The federal government immediately got involved, halting the distribution of its surplus and sending Food and Drug Administration (FDA) chemists, inspectors, and the army to help with the investigation. Even members of the American Medical Association flew to Oregon to lend their assistance (Figure 4) [6]. Within 48 h of the event, telegrams from as far as Boston reached Dr. Evans inquiring whether their frozen eggs were safe (Figure 5). The investigators fed bits of egg taken from cans in the hospital’s consignment to rats – these survived. However, the rats that were fed bits of egg taken from the plates of the poisoning victims died within a few minutes [7]. Testing of multiple samples of eggs were performed and soon confirmed them to be non-toxic. Immediately this news was released to reassure a concerned public that their eggs were safe to eat.
Immunoinformatics driven construction of multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Ascaris lumbricoides using its entire immunogenic epitopes
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Rimanpreet Kaur, Naina Arora, Suraj Singh Rawat, Anand Kumar Keshri, Neha Singh, Sumit Kumar Show, Pramod Kumar, Amit Mishra, Amit Prasad
Ascaris resides in jejunum of human small intestine but it has ability to migrate to other body parts such as lungs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas [6]. Adult worms reside in intestinal lumen of human host and has the potential to produce 200,000 eggs daily which are defecated/excreted along with feces. These eggs can survive under extreme environmental conditions. The fertilized eggs are transformed into embryonated eggs which develop into larvae. When the climate is conducive, like moderate warmth (25–30°C temperature), high moisture content and adequate supply of oxygen, these fertilized eggs molt and embryonate in a span of 15–35 days to achieve infective stage. The infective eggs carry a 2nd stage larva, coiled within its own eggshell. The infective eggs reach human host due to consumption of contaminated food having embryonated eggs. In gastrointestinal tract they get transformed into larvae and circulate to the lungs and other organs. From the lungs, larvae are coughed out or swallowed sometimes and thus they re-enter the gastrointestinal tract. Maturation process proceeds in the small intestines [7,8]. The Ascariasis symptoms varies from asymptomatic phase to severe symptomatic phase with warning signs of infection, these signs increase with increasing parasitic burden, which leads to intestinal obstruction, loss of appetite, intestinal bleeding, and malnutrition in children [9].