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Aminocaproic Acid
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A 78-year-old woman presented with bilateral periocular pruritic erythema and edema. She had used purified sodium hyaluronate ophthalmic solution 0.1% and some other pharmaceuticals for the treatment of ‘dry eyes’ and keratoconjunctivitis sicca for 2 years. Patch tests were positive tot the sodium hyaluronate solution only. When tested later with its ingredients, the patient showed positive patch tests to aminocaproic acid 1% and 2% water, which functions as a buffer in the eye solution (2).
Glycosaminoglycans
Published in Luke R. Bucci, Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
At present, HA (as sodium hyaluronate) is an accepted and widely used therapy for osteoarthritis and degenerative joint conditions in veterinary practice. Primary use is in race horses, with applications for dogs also common. HA is usually injected intraarticularly in a series of injections until symptoms abate. Because of the rather large numbers of studies supporting the benefits of intraarticular HA for veterinary uses, only a few examples will be explored in this book. Again, presentation of data from intraarticular injection studies is not a nutritional application, but, rather, a pharmaceutical application. This data serves to illustrate the potential abilities of HA as a therapeutic agent. It remains to be confirmed in oral usage, although the extreme viscosity and slimy nature of HA solutions present some organoleptic problems for oral use.
Semen Analysis and Sperm Washing Techniques
Published in Claude Gagnon, Controls of Sperm Motility, 2020
This commercial product is a highly purified preparation of sodium hyaluronate*, with an average molecular weight of 3,000,000 Da, used at a final concentration of 1 mg/ml in culture medium. When used in a clinical IVF program, swim-up from semen into hyaluronate solution gave a significantly higher percentage of motile spermatozoa compared with the traditional swim-up from a washed pellet method and, ultimately, the achievement of a higher pregnancy rate.39 However, whether these improved results were due specifically to the use of the hyaluronate or to the use of a method which did not involve the initial pelletting of unselected spermatozoa, was not ascertained.
Clinical improvement of ocular surface parameters in dry eye patients following treatment with urea/crosslinked-hyaluronate eyedrops correlates with the secretion of MUC-4
Published in Expert Review of Ophthalmology, 2021
Rosa Longo, Anna Avesani, Giulia Dalla Mura, Daniele Dell’Orco, Stefano Manfredini, Giacomo Panozzo
The 0,4% U-HACL based tear substitute utilized in this study was supplied by COC-Farmaceutici (Content group, Italy). It is a tear substitute composed of the combination of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) cross-linked (CL) with urea (U) sodium salt (U-HACL). Urea is naturally present in the body and is well known to be a moisturizing agent, thanks to its ability of water retention, which promotes cellular regeneration and reparation [4]. Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, an anionic glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide found in various examples of connective tissue in humans [11]. The high molecular weight component has lubricant and barrier properties, forms a viscoelastic solution in water and creates a mechanical protection for cells, also thanks to its non-Newtonian behavior [12]. It has longer resistance on the ocular surface and reduces dry eye symptoms in patients affected by DED [13]. Patients were asked to apply 0,4% U-HACL based tear substitute (COC-Farmaceutici, Content group, Italy) one drop/eye/three times a day.
The efficacy of prophylactic clip closure of mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection on delayed bleeding
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021
Akihiro Miyakawa, Toshio Kuwai, Yukie Sakuma, Manabu Kubota, Akira Nakamura, Ei Itobayashi, Haruhisa Shimura, Yoshio Suzuki, Kenji Shimura
Only for unclear margins such as sessile serrated lesion (SSL), we used an argon plasma coagulation probe for placement of marking dots along the target lesion circumference to indicate the margins. First, we injected 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (MucoUp; Boston Scientific Japan, Tokyo, Japan) with a small amount of indigo carmine and epinephrine in the submucosal layer by using a 26-gauge injection needle. Next, a circumferential incision was made from the anal side with Stag-Beetle Knife Jr (SB Knife Jr, Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). For large lesions, a partial circumferential incision was frequently performed to define the oral end of the lesion. The circumferential incision was extended, and submucosal dissection was performed; these steps were repeated in an alternating sequence until the entire lesion was resected. The current was passed using a high-frequency generator (VIO300D; Erbe Elektromedizin, Tübingen, Germany). No sedatives and antibiotics were routinely used. Zeoclip (ZP-CHS; Zeon Medical Inc., Tokyo, Japan) or EZ Clip (HX-610-135S; Olympus) was used for prophylactic clip closure as needed.
Learning curve for endoscopic submucosal dissection of early colorectal neoplasms with a monopolar scissor-type knife: use of the cumulative sum method
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Akihiro Miyakawa, Toshio Kuwai, Yukie Sakuma, Manabu Kubota, Akira Nakamura, Ei Itobayashi, Haruhisa Shimura, Yoshio Suzuki, Kenji Shimura
Only for uncleared margins such as sessile serrated lesions, we used an argon plasma coagulation probe for placement of marking dots along the target lesion circumference to indicate margins. First, we injected 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (MucoUp; Boston Scientific Japan, Tokyo, Japan) with a small amount of indigo carmine and epinephrine into the submucosal layer using a 26-gauge injection needle. Next, a circumferential incision was made from the anal side with SB Knife Jr. The knife had an open width of 4.5 mm and a length of 3.5 mm. For large lesions, a partial circumferential incision was often made to define the oral end of the lesion. The circumferential incision was extended, and submucosal dissection was performed; these steps were repeated in an alternating sequence until the entire lesion was resected. SB Knife Jr was also used for endoscopic hemostasis in bleeding situations. The dissected segment was grasped, and current was passed using a high-frequency generator (VIO300D; Erbe Elektromedizin, Tübingen, Germany). VIO300D was used with the following settings: endo-cut Q mode (effect 1, duration 1, interval 1) for mucosal incision and submucosal dissection, and a soft coagulation mode (effect 5, 40 W) for hemostasis. Sedatives and antibiotics were not routinely used.