China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Botanicals and the Gut Microbiome
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Silymarin is a known hepatoprotective agent and is extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum (Figure 23.3A). Silychristin (Figure 23.3B) is found within silymarin and is associated with both inflammation and immunomodulation. This compound has shown to exhibit hypolipidemic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity (Škottová and Krečman, 1998; Krečman et al., 1998; Katiyar, 2005; Lee et al., 2007; Lu et al., 2019). In a study conducted by Shen et al. (2019), it was found that silibinin and silymarin have the ability to improve memory impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease through their regulatory effect on the composition of the gut microbiota of APP/PS1 mice (Shen et al., 2019).
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
To Reduce High Levels of Beta-Glucuronidase: Decrease meat intake and increase insoluble fiber.Take probiotics.Consider Silybum marianum for liver support.Take calcium-D-glucarate.
Improved Silymarin Characteristics for Clinical Applications by Novel Drug Delivery Systems
Published in Madhu Gupta, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Vikas Sharma, Nagendra Singh Chauhan, Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents, 2020
Maryam Tabarzad, Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorbeh, Tahereh Hosseinabadi
As the main effect of silymarin, hepatoprotective activity has been noted in much of the literature. It was confirmed that some plant species such as Silybum marianum, Phyllanthus niruri, and Panus giganteus (Berk.) could ameliorate hepatic lesions. Silymarin, as the active component of Silybum marianum, had showed the ability to prevent the adverse effect of free radicals. This antioxidant activity has an important role in hepato-protectivity against toxic compounds including ethanol, acetaminophen, and carbon tetrachloride that their metabolism resulted in the production of free radicals and therefore, could induce lipoperoxidation and damage of the hepatic cell membranes (Pradhan and Girish, 2013). In addition, silymarin can enhance hepatic glutathione as an antioxidant component in the liver defense against toxic compounds. It was showed that silymarin could inhibit lipid peroxidation through regulating the hepatocyte Ca2+ level after exposure to toxic compounds (Farghali et al., 2000). Silymarin also stimulates the activity of RNA polymerase I and can cause an increase in hepatocytes’ protein synthesis. The human study exhibited that silymarin treatment could result in a relative increase in alcoholic cirrhotic patients’ survival compared with untreated controls (Vargas-Mendoza et al., 2014).
Protective effect of dendropanoxide against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity via anti-inflammatory activities in Sprague-Dawley rats
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2023
Sreevarsha Gali, Swati Sharma, Amit Kundu, Eunah Lee, Joo Hee Han, Joo Kyung Shin, Ji Soo Choi, So Young Kyung, Jae-Sung Kim, Hyung Sik Kim
Although many researchers have investigated various pharmacological activities of DM, the exact properties of DM and its extracts in the treatment of toxicities remain unexplored. On the other hand, silymarin is a standardized extract of Silybum marianum, commercially used to treat various hepatic diseases due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Its also modulates pathways associated with inflammation. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of DPx in cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity, using silymarin as a reference standard. The study showed the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect of DPx against hepatotoxicity induced by CdCl2. In the present study, we exhibited that this mitigating activity of DPx was similar to that of silymarin. Therefore, DPx may use as a protective agent against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity.
Effect of aerobic training with silymarin consumption on glycemic indices and liver enzymes in men with type 2 diabetes
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Keyvan Ghalandari, Mojtaba Shabani, Ali Khajehlandi, Amin Mohammadi
S is one of the active ingredients of the plant family Silybum marianum, which has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties, such that previous research has attributed the protective effects of S on liver tissue to the expression of anti-inflammatory agents in liver tissue (Kheiripour et al.2019). In this regard, consumption of 60 and 120 mg/kg of body weight S for 60 days reduced body weight, insulin, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, liver enzymes and oxidative stress in the liver tissue of rats with T2D (Kheiripour et al.2019); also, consumption of 100 mg/kg S decreased ALT, AST, ALP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased antioxidant levels in the liver tissue of rats with CCL4 hepatic fibrosis (Fahmy Ahmed et al.2016).
Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extracts reverse metabolic syndrome in Sprague Dawley rats fed high-fructose high fat diet for 60-days
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2022
Hafiz Muhammad Irfan, Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan, Mohd Zaini Asmawi
Moreover, 60-days feeding with high-fat diet and 20% (w/v) fructose in drinking water increased body weight and abdominal fat in metabolic syndrome rats (Figure 2). Contrarily, non-significant increase in body length, liver weight, and body mass index was recorded. High-carbohydrate, high-fat diets promote abdominal fat deposition and body weight (Shapiro et al.2008, Tappy and Lê 2010, Panchal and Brown 2011) and increase in liver weight might be associated with fructose which stores as fat in the liver after metabolism (Kovacs and Stumvoll 2005, Johnson et al.2013). In the current study, M. oleifera extracts caused reduction in liver and body weights and may lead to normalisation of liver functions. Sayin et al. (2016) reported that Silybum marianum extract caused significant reduction in liver weight in metabolic syndrome rats. Similarly, the leaves extracts lowered BMI and abdominal fat (perirenal-retroperitoneal and epididymal fat) as compared to metabolic syndrome group (Figure 4).