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Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Toxicity — Daucus has been reported to contain acetone, asarone, choline, ethanol, formic acid, HCN, isobutyric acid, limonene, malic acid, maltose, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, pyrrolidine, and quinic acid. Reviewing research on myristicin, which occurs in nutmeg, mace, black pepper, carrot seed, celery seed, and parsley, Buchanan117 noted that the psychoactive and hallucinogenic properties of mace, nutmeg, and purified myristicin have been studied. It has been hypothesized that myristicin and elemicin can be readily modified in the body to amphetamines. Handling carrot foliage, especially wet foliage, can cause irritation and vesication. Sensitized or sensitive persons may get an exact reproduction of the leaf on the skin by placing the leaf on the skin for a while, followed by exposure to sunshine.
Myristicin regulates proliferation and apoptosis in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Liang Luo, Huiying Liang, Luoying Liu
Myristicin is the main component of nutmeg seeds and has been demonstrated to possess numerous beneficial properties (Morita et al. 2003; Martins et al. 2014). However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet investigated the effects of myristicin on AS. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate whether myristicin was associated with AS progression and to analyze the specific mechanisms involved. First, hVSMCs and HUVECs were stimulated with various concentrations of myristicin (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM) for 24 h. The results of MTT and LDH assays revealed that cell viability and LDH release exhibited no obvious changes after 0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μM myristicin treatment, indicating that low concentrations of myristicin did not lead to toxicity with hVSMC and HUVEC. Furthermore, 100 and 200 μM myristicin markedly inhibited hVSMC and HUVEC viability, and promoted LDH release, suggesting that it had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect. Therefore, 5, 25, and 50 μM myristicin were selected for subsequent experiments.
Stoned on spices: a mini-review of three commonly abused household spices
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2021
Kelly Johnson-Arbor, Susan Smolinske
Myristicin (Figure 2(A)), the major psychoactive component of nutmeg, is structurally similar to mescaline. Myristicin exhibits activity at serotonin receptors, which can result in psychomimetic symptoms [9]. After oral exposure to nutmeg, gastrointestinal symptoms (including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain) and cardiovascular manifestations (including hypertension and tachycardia) may occur [11]. Due to its psychomimetic properties, nutmeg intoxication may also result in hallucinations, and antimuscarinic symptoms (flushing, mydriasis) are common. The hallucinations associated with nutmeg exposure may be unpleasant; patients’ descriptions of nutmeg-induced hallucinations include feeling “like Jack-in-the-box wanting to get out” and “the absolutely most horrible feeling I have ever had” [8,12]. There are rare reports of tonic-clonic seizures occurring after nutmeg ingestion [13].
Anticancer effect of myristicin on hepatic carcinoma and related molecular mechanism
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Myristicin is a natural alkenylbenzene compound. Its chemical formula is shown in Figure 1(A). MTT assay was used to explore the effect of myristicin on HCC viability. Our results showed that compared to the control group, myristicin significantly suppresses Huh-7 (Figure 1(B)) and HCCLM3 (Figure 1(C)) cell proliferation.