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Monographs of Topical Drugs that Have Caused Contact Allergy/Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Mitomycin is an antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces caespitosus and other Streptomyces bacterial species. Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces inter-strand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells, this agent also inhibits RNA and protein synthesis at high concentrations. Mitomycin C is indicated for treatment of malignant neoplasm of lip, oral cavity, pharynx, digestive organs, peritoneum, female breast, and urinary bladder (1).
Investigational Nanomedicines in 2016: A Review of Nanotherapeutics Currently Undergoing Clinical Trials *
Published in Valerio Voliani, Nanomaterials and Neoplasms, 2021
Joseph M. Caster, Artish N. Patel, Tian Zhang, Andrew Wang
There is one liposomal formulation of mitomycin C currently in clinical investigation. Mitomycin C is a useful but very toxic drug, approved for use in anal squamous cell carcinoma. PL-MLP (marketed as Promitil, LipoMedix) is a pegylated liposomal formulation of a mitomycin C prodrug. All of the currently available data is preclinical [13, 14]. A phase I study in advanced solid tumors is expected to complete accrual soon.
Bladder Cancer
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
One potential problem with mitomycin-C is variable drug delivery. Decreasing urine volume (by pre-treatment dehydration and reducing administration volume) and urine alkalinization has been shown to result in a longer time to recurrence and recurrence-free fraction.28 An alternative technique, electromotive drug delivery, is to externally apply a potential difference across the bladder wall by a pulsed electric current. This has been reported to improve drug absorption and increase time to recurrence in one small randomized trial.29 Likewise, improved results have been reported for combining mitomycin with hyperthermia30,31,32 either by heating the bladder with microwave probes or by preheating the mitomycin-C.
Treatment and prevention of ocular motility restrictions with amniotic membrane transplantation
Published in Strabismus, 2021
Héctor Fernández Jiménez-Ortiz, Raúl Sampedro Yañez, Beatriz Villarrubia Torcal, Borja Maroto Rodriguez, Sara Nava Pérez, Natalia Monja
In the healing process after surgery, although initially beneficial, the repair process becomes pathologic when it is not controlled appropriately.2 When uncontrolled, it results in extracellular deposition of components in which normal tissue is replaced by permanent scar tissue.3 Trophic growth factor β (TGFβ) has been the most intensively studied regulator of the extracellular matrix, it has been linked with the development of fibrosis.8 That is why there is a growing interest of mediators that could be used as antifibrotic therapy,9 although all of them are in experimental phase. These include cytokine,10 chemokine and fibroblast activation antagonists,11 angiogenesis inhibitors, anti-hypertensive drugs, cytokines signaling modifiers,12 B cell-depleting antibodies and stem cell transplantation strategies.13 The demand for antifibrotic drugs that are both safe and effective, is great and will likely continue to increase in the coming years.14 Only AM and Mitomycin C have been used in clinical studies.
Protective Effect of Chrysin, a Dietary Flavone against Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage Induced by Mitomycin C in Balb/C Mice
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Aïcha Sassi, Jihed Boubaker, Amira Loussaief, Khaoula Jomaa, Kamel Ghedira, Leila Chekir-Ghedira
Mitomycin C is an alkylating agent regarded as an important chemotherapeutic drug and is widely used in the treatment of several malignant human tumors (1, 2). Therefore, MMC has a large spectrum of genotoxicity including the inhibition of DNA synthesis, clastogenesis and mutagenesis (3). It is an immediate acting clastogen (4) requiring solely intracellular reductive activation to initiate its efficacious DNA cross linking action (3). After bioreductive transformation, this antineoplastic agent creates active species that target DNA and induce oxidative damage within the cells (5). When these ROS interact with the cells and surpass endogenous antioxidant defense systems, they impair biological macromolecules such proteins, nucleic acids and lipids (6–8). Several studies have demonstrated that this chemotherapeutic agent is not only specific in action against tumors but also genotoxic in promptly dividing normal cells, such as hepatic, renal and bone marrow cells, via the generation of ROS which provide a site for the development of oxidative stress (9–11).
Silicone Tube Miniature Drainage Device Implanted under Scleral Flap for the Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma
Published in Current Eye Research, 2020
Aiwu Fang, Li Nie, Peijuan Wang, Jingwei Zheng, Yau Kei Chan, Qi Zhang, Yuanbo Liang, Jia Qu
The silicone tube miniature drainage device was successfully implanted under the sclera flap in all 36 eyes of 36 POAG patients between June 2014 and September 2015 (Figure 2). There were three patients lost to follow-up between 3 months to 1 year postoperatively. Their data were not included for analysis. Data of one patient who passed away 18 months post-operatively was included. Therefore, a total of 33 eyes of 33 patients were included in the analysis. The demographic data and ocular characteristics are shown in Table 1. Mean postoperative follow-up was 29.5 ± 6.9 months (range 18–50 months). All subjects completed 12-month follow-up, 31 completed 24 months, and 10 completed 36 months. Mitomycin-C was used on 21 patients (63.6%) during surgery. 5-FU injection and bleb needle revision were applied in 13 patients (39.4%). Laser suture lysis was applied in four patients (12.1%).