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Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Plant terpenoids are used in food and traditional herbal therapy in Eastern and Western medicines due to their aroma, savor, and color. Eucalyptol is a monoterpenoid and an essential oil used in medicine as antiseptic and as mouthwash for the treatment of cold and cough. Other well-known terpenoids include some spices such as cineol in galangal root, gingerol in ginger tuber, menthol in peppermint, and eugenol in cinnamon and cloves. Terpenoids also include camphor in the wood of camphor laurel or the leaves of rosemary leaves, cannabinoids of cannabis (marijuana), ginkolide and bilobalide in Ginkgo biloba leaves, and beta-cryptoxanthin in persimmon fruits and leaves. In general, terpenoids occur widely in the leaves and fruits of higher plants, conifers, citrus, and eucalyptus. However, some terpenoids are toxic and inedible. They are used as drugs only such as artemisinin, paclitaxel, cannabinoids, camphor, and eucalyptol. Many terpenoids exert their effect on the nervous system and have psychoactive properties, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a cannabinoid in Cannabis (marijuana) (192).
Monographs of fragrance chemicals and extracts that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Eucalyptol is a colorless clear liquid; its odor type is herbal and its odor at 10% in dipropylene glycol is described as ‘eucalyptus herbal camphor medicinal’ (www.thegoodscentscompany.com). Eucalyptol is used as a fragrance and flavoring agent in foods, candies, cough drops, personal care products and medications. It has also been used as a flavor in tobacco. It is present in many consumer products such as mouthwash, waxes for leather, flooring, air fresheners and pine oil-based cleaners (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
The menopause
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
Eucalyptol derived from the leaves of the Eucalyptus globulus, is an antiseptic and irritant. It increases secretions and stimulates the bowel. It was advocated for menopausal flatulence, palpitations, and flushings.
Lippia graveolens HBK oleoresins, extracted by supercritical fluids, showed bactericidal activity against multidrug resistance Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus strains
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Oscar de Jesús Calva-Cruz, Nallely S. Badillo-Larios, Antonio De León-Rodríguez, Eduardo Espitia-Rangel, Raúl González-García, Edgar Alejandro Turrubiartes-Martinez, Arnulfo Castro-Gallardo, Ana Paulina Barba de la Rosa
In addition to thymol and carvacrol, L. graveolens oleoresins collected in different areas, also share the presence of compounds, such as linalool, α-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene (humulene), caryophyllene oxide, and humulene epoxide (Table 5). It has been demonstrated that eucalyptol showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various diseases, including respiratory, pancreatitis, colon damage, and neurodegenerative diseases [57]. The synergic of eucalyptol and terpinen-4-ol, have shown to have a stronger antimicrobial effect [58]. Terpineol has been an excellent bactericidal against S. aureus strains [6,10,59]. Humulene, a natural monocycle terpene, was able to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation and induced HCC apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo [60]. β-caryophyllene, a major plant volatile found in essential oils of many different spices and food plants, such as oregano, is a phytocannabionoid with a strong affinity to cannabinoid receptor type-2. The action of β-caryophyllene oxide could be partly based on its ability to disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and to activate the initiator of caspases, but other mechanisms could be involved [61]. β-caryophyllene, humulene, and β-caryophyllene oxide presented anti-cancer properties [61,62].
Improving protection effects of eucalyptol via carboxymethyl chitosan-coated lipid nanoparticles on hyperglycaemia-induced vascular endothelial injury in rats
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2021
Jianqing Peng, Zhaohui Jiang, Guoping Wu, Zimin Cai, Qianming Du, Ling Tao, Yanyan Zhang, Yi Chen, Xiangchun Shen
Eucalyptol is a major component of essential oil extracted from aromatic plants [5]. It was confirmed that eucalyptol possessed various pharmacological activities, such as an antibacterial [6], a hepatoprotective agent [7], an anti-inflammatory [8] and an antioxidant [9]. In our previous studies, eucalyptol has been proved as a strong inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokines via suppression on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway [10,11]. As an antioxidant, eucalyptol was demonstrated to combine with Keap1 and promoted nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) expression and translocation from cytoplasm into nuclear [12]. A consequent stimulation of target genes transcription resulted in expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as NAD(P)H, quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), hemeoxygense-1 (HO-1), glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), and glutathione S-transferase A (GSTA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) [13]. It is suggested that eucalyptol is a good candidate against ROS surplus via antioxidant and cytoprotective activity.
Eucalyptol ameliorates early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Gang Xu, Junsheng Guo, Chunming Sun
As a kind of terpenoid oxide, eucalyptol (1,8-cineole, EUC) is extracted from Eucalyptus L. Herit (Myrtaceae), such as Eucalyptus globules Labill and Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antibacterial characteristics, it is used as a pain relief drug and as a treatment for inflammatory airway diseases (Bastos et al. 2009; Rahimi-Nasrabadi et al. 2012; Juergens 2014; Caceres et al. 2017). Recently, EUC treatment has been proved to reduce LPS-induced lung inflammatory injury in mice (Zhao et al. 2014). Interestingly, EUC, which can easily pass through BBB, may have a direct regulatory function on brain’s receptors and enzymes (Moss and Oliver 2012). Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether EUC has neuroprotective function in EBI after SAH.