China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Chemosensation to Enhance Nutritional Intake in Cancer Patients
Published in Alan R. Hirsch, Nutrition and Sensation, 2023
Regardless of type of altered taste, good mouth care is critical. Dry mouth can be a consequence of cancer treatments, and result in an increased sense of altered taste. Saliva helps regulate the proliferation of bacteria inside the mouth, and these bacteria can contribute to bad taste. Diligent mouth care helps restore normal bacterial balance inside the mouth, and rinsing the mouth before meals to clear away excess bacteria, and after meals to reduce “aftertaste,” can be helpful in moderating taste changes. Commercial non-alcohol-based mouthwashes are available and may be recommended by physicians. There are also common kitchen items that can be used as “natural” mouthwashes such as mixing three-fourth teaspoon of salt and 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 4 cups of warm water and swishing and spitting before and after meals (cancer.net 2020). If dry mouth is contributing to altered taste, in addition to good oral mouth care, stimulating saliva production during meals by adding tart foods (e.g., lemon, vinegar) can also help enhance flavor; keeping foods moist with gravies or sauces and avoiding caffeine, as this can exacerbate dry mouth, can also be helpful (Leser, Ledesma, Bergerson, and Trujillo 2018).
Oral Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Marcia Ramos-e-Silva, José Wilson Accioly Filho, Sueli Carneiro, Nurimar Conceição Fernandes
Management: In most cases, no specific treatment is necessary, it is only advisable to improve oral hygiene by brushing the tongue, moving back and forth, at least twice a day, and using a mouthwash. Clinical manifestations usually disappear within a few weeks. If it does not disappear, it is best to seek and identify a specific cause, such as a medication, in which case it is necessary to change that agent or, at least, adjust the dose. In addition, an antifungal or antibiotic can be prescribed to try to eliminate the microorganisms more quickly and speed up the treatment. There is anecdotal use of antimicrobials, topical triamcinolone acetonide, salicylic acid, gentian violet, vitamin B complex, thymol, topical or oral retinoids, and topical keratinolytics, such as 20% podophyllin, 30% urea solution, and trichloroacetic acid, although local irritation and possible systemic absorption are important potential side effects to be considered. Dental evaluation by a dentist may be necessary in challenging cases, although this is rarely needed. Resistant cases may improve with light electrodessication or us of the carbon dioxide laser.
Head and Neck Cancer
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Lorcan O’Toole, Nicholas D. Stafford
Frequent oral rinsing with bland solutions such as normal saline with sodium bicarbonate (1 L water with 1/2 teaspoon baking soda and 1/2 teaspoon salt) is helpful, and use of a soft toothbrush minimizes mucosal trauma. Other mouthwashes with local analgesics, coating agents, or oral rinses such as Difflam, Gelclair, Caphosol, and Mucilage are frequently employed.
A mouthwash formulated with o-cymen-5-ol and zinc chloride specifically targets potential pathogens without impairing the native oral microbiome in healthy individuals
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2023
Javier Pascual, Javier Mira Otal, Daniel Torrent-Silla, Manuel Porcar, Cristina Vilanova, Fernando Vivancos Cuadras
Mouthwashes are used by oral health care practitioners, as well as consumers with and without oral diseases, to reduce bacterial load within the oral cavity on the pretext of preventing and managing oral diseases [15]. More specifically, mouthwashes are used to inhibit the colonisation of harmful microorganisms, reduce the formation of dental plaque, and prevent gingival bleeding caused by sensitive gums and gingivitis. The most frequently used antimicrobial agents are of synthetic origin, notably chlorhexidine (CHX), cetylpyridinium chloride and triclosan, and are characterised by a broad spectrum of action against microorganisms, often triggering major changes in native oral microbiomes. In addition, some of these compounds can cause toxicity problems and contribute to making bacteria resistant to antibiotics [16–19]. For example, the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has banned the use of triclosan in certain antiseptic wash products [20], while it is still allowed in others, such as toothpastes and mouthwashes, but is currently under review [21].
The association between oral hygiene and head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2023
Xue Bai, Chunyan Cui, Jiajia Yin, Hua Li, Qiwei Gong, Bo Wei, Yifan Lu
Our analysis showed that the positive association between poor oral hygiene and HNC was also among those who consumed alcohol and tobacco. In our subgroup analysis, dental visits ≥1 time a year reduced the risk of HNC among those who smoked tobacco, the periodontal disease was associated with an increased risk of HNC among those who ever smoked. Chang et al. reported that combined regular dental visits, tooth brushing, and use of dental floss and mouthwash, showed a positive trend with HNC risk, particularly among alcohol drinkers and cigarette smokers [25]. A study by Sato et al. reported that the reduced risk of HNC associated with brushing teeth 2 or more times daily was especially significant among heavy smokers and drinkers [29]. Similarly, Chang et al. showed that the reduced risk of HNC associated with routine dental visits was more prominent among ever smokers and ever drinkers [25]. For smokers and drinkers, routine dental visits may even lessen the negative effects of smoking and alcohol on oral health because dental providers can evaluate oral health, check for early signs of oral and pharyngeal cancers, clean their teeth, and counsel them about oral hygiene behaviours such as brushing and flossing [61]. Although it is important to promote abstinence from or reduction of alcohol drinking to decrease the occurrence of HNC, improving oral hygiene practices may provide additional benefits among participants who consumed alcohol and tobacco.
Dentists and physicians’ practices meet once again: Potential unfavorable clinical effects of frequent mouthwash use
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Jim Zhongning Chen, Kaumudi J. Joshipura, Fuad Habash, Angel Lopez-Candales
Dietary inorganic nitrates and nitrites can act like storage pools complementing the NOS pathway, which has been shown to possess therapeutic effects in diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, and gastric ulceration. [2] However, the bioavailability of NO may be diminished due to the disruption of nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway[3]. The American Dental Association advocates for mouthwashes as an adjunct to daily brushing in efforts to prevent plaque and gingivitis. [4] Currently, 60% of the US population use mouthwash one or more times weekly and a third use it daily[5]. However, the nondiscriminatory antibiotic activity of mouthwashes can destroy nitrite-reducing bacteria, which is essential in the bioactivation of NO since humans lack the necessary enzymes to reduce nitrites. Consequently, a decreased in serum plasma nitrate/nitrite levels leads to both HTN and DM.