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Lemongrass
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Numerous bioassays have verified the strength of Cymbopogon species for their multiple utilisations. Lemongrass was established to have chemopreventive activity by protecting the diethylnitrosamine-persuaded hepatocellular damage in rodents (Puatanachokchai et al., 2002). In South Africa, lemongrass extract was utilised for the management of oral thrush in cases who were found positive for AIDS and established to be effective (Wright et al., 2009). Another species of Cymbopogon, i.e. Cymbopogon martini, has also been researched, and its essential oil is established to demonstrate high anthelmintic effects against Caenorhabditis elegans. Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon giganteus and Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oils from West Africa all demonstrated around a 100% death rate against Anopheles gambiae (Avoseh et al., 2015). Reduction of the early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis was also noticed in Cymbopogon citratus (Puatanachokchai et al., 2002).
Quorum Sensing and Essential Oils
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Isabel Charlotte Soede, Gerhard Buchbauer
Additional research was pursued on Cymbopogon spp., as it showed the best AQS activity (see Table 16.8). Therefore, a GC-MS from C. martin was carried out in order to identify its main constituents. Those compounds were then tested individually and in combination on their AQS activity. Geraniol (81.1%), geranyl acetate (8.3%), and linalool (3.0%) accounted for 92.4% of the total EO. Interestingly, geranyl acetate alone enhanced QS in all four concentrations tested (0.50, 0.25, 0.13, 0.06 mg/mL). The combination of linalool, geraniol, and geranyl acetate inhibited QS more effectively than the individual components. In lower concentrations, the activity even exceeded eugenol, which was the positive control. These findings highlighted the importance of interaction between components of EOs (Mokhetho et al., 2018). EOs: 40 EOs, purchased in Pranarôm (Belgium); 20 μL of a 1 mg/mL EO solution was used for disc diffusion assaySensor strain: C. violaceum ATCC 12472Performed assays: Disc diffusion assay: positive control, eugenol. ZOI was defined as the diameter of clear area surrounding the well, ZOT as zone of turbidity (= QS-inhibition)Flask incubation method: 0.06, 0.13, 0.25 and 0.50 mg/mL EO; MIC and MQSIC were determinedMultivariate data analysis to correlate EO profiles to AQS activity
A Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial Demonstrating Safety & Efficacy of EnXtra® in Healthy Adults
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2021
Shalini Srivastava, Mark Mennemeier, Jayesh Anand Chaudhary
Due to the aforementioned concerns, there is a growing interest in seeking developing safer alternatives having caffeine like psychostimulatory effects. There has also been a greater focus finding ingredients that act synergistically with caffeine while counteracting its undesirable effects. Enovate Biolife, after an extensive literature review and research developed and standardized an Alpinia galanga extract having potential ergogenic properties. In our preliminary study (13), numerous herbs exhibiting ergogenic effects underwent prelusive screening and we investigated the cognitive abilities of Cymbopogon flexuosus, Alpinia galanga, and Glycyrrhiza glabra. Results clearly indicated that A. galanga extract was superior and exerted a significant effect on the state of active attention of study volunteers. Building on these results, the acute administration of EnXtra® was further evaluated in other studies. Findings were of similar nature as EnXtra® substantially increased alertness score and improved task accuracy of participants without any trade off in response time (14, 15). Consequently, the present study was conducted with the aim of establishing the cardiac safety of EnXtra® with regards to its long-term consumption with an emphasis on progressive tolerance and development of habituation ordinarily associated with extended product use.
Chemical composition and insecticidal properties of essential oils against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.)
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2020
Rajkesh Koundal, Shudh Kirti Dolma, Gopi Chand, Vijai K. Agnihotri, S. G. Eswara Reddy
The aromatic plants such as wild turmeric (Curcuma aromatica Salisb; Zingiberaceae), ginger lily (Hedychium spicatum Ham. ex. Smith; Zingiberaceae), pepper mint (Mentha piperita L.; Lamiaceae), spear mint (Mentha spicata L.; Lamiaceae), wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.; Lamiaceae), camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl.; Lauraceae) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) W.Watson; Poaceae) used in the present study for insecticidal properties against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). The EOs of Mentha sp are used for gastrointestinal discomfort, stomach and chest pain (Zargari 1990). M. piperita for aroma therapy, nutrition, perfume and cosmetic industry (McKay and Blumberg 2006). Similarly, M. spicata used for gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders, bad breath, dandruff and sedative agents (Conway and Slocumb 1979). It is also used as a flavoring agent in chewing gums/cosmetics/toothpaste. Cinnamomum camphora is used for rheumatic arthritis, muscular/abdominal pain, rheumatism, cough, bronchitis (Shi et al. 2015). Cymbopogon flexuosus for antimicrobial, cytotoxic and insecticidal properties (Sharma et al. 2009). Hedychium spicatum is used for traditional/modern medicine, cosmetic and perfumery industries (Anonymous 1959; Kirtikar and Basu 1976; Chopra et al. 1986; Rawat et al. 2011).
In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf)
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Daiane Pan, Larissa Machado, Claudia Giuliano Bica, Alencar Kolinski Machado, Jovani Antônio Steffani, Francine Carla Cadoná
An ethnobotanical study conducted by Bieski et al. (14) investigated medicinal plants by the population of Valley of Juruena Region, Legal Amazon, Mato Grosso, Brazil. In this investigation, Cymbopogon citratus is the most cited plant in the different use-categories and the most traditional applications as anxiolytic as well as an agent for blood hypertension symptoms. Moreover, this plant presents a pleasant aroma after infusion, and is well known and used as an antidepressant.