China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Ciclopirox Olamine
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Ciclopirox olamine is the olamine salt form of ciclopirox, a synthetic, broad-spectrum antifungal agent with additional antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. It is used for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. Ciclopirox olamine is especially effective in treating pityriasis (tinea) versicolor (1).
Ciclopirox
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Ciclopirox olamine 1% cream is also used in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis and diaper dermatitis due to C. albicans (Anon, 1985a; Gallup and Plott, 2005). In two small, uncontrolled studies of cutaneous candidiasis, the clinical cure rate reached only 30%, although the majority of patients experienced some improvement in clinical signs and symptoms (Jue et al., 1985).
Topical Formulations for Onychomycosis: A Review
Published in Andreia Ascenso, Sandra Simões, Helena Ribeiro, Carrier-Mediated Dermal Delivery, 2017
Barbara S. Gregorí Valdes, Carolina de Carvalho Moore Vilela, Andreia Ascenso, Joao Moura Bordado, Helena Ribeiro
Ciclopiroxolamine (ciclopirox) belongs to the group of hydroxyl-pyridone derivatives, and it has been used as a nail lacquer to treat onychomycosis since 1990. It exerts its antifungal activity by chelating trivalent cations, like Fe3+ and Al3+, compromising fungal metal-dependent enzymes and reducing the fungus nutrient intake. Ciclopirox is active against dermatophytes (Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Epidermophyton floccosum), yeasts (Candida spp., Malassezia furfur, Cryptococcus neoformans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), molds (Aspergillus spp., Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Fusarium solani) and some bacteria, which is advantageous in cases of mixed infection. It is also reported to have some anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the local production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The nail lacquer available in the market has a concentration of 8% ciclopirox, which increases to 35% after application and evaporation of the volatile solvents. Studies show that it is able to exceed MIC for the three main onychomycosis pathogens—T rubrum, T mentagrophytes and Candida albicans. Common posology is once daily application for 6-12 months over the clean nail plate and slightly over the surrounding skin. However, there are trials stating that once weekly application is effective. Clinical trials have reported complete cure in 29-36% of patients. Ciclopirox is available in both Europe and the USA: Mycoster®, Niogermos®, Batrafen®, Kitonail®, Onytec®, Stieprox®, Loprox®, Penlac®, Ciclopoli®, and RejuveNail® [77,83,88–94].
Strategies to improve the diagnosis and clinical treatment of dermatophyte infections
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
Resistance to azoles has been reported in approximately 19% of dermatophytes, some azoles (voriconazole and posaconazole) that are quite effective in patients resistant to multiple drugs have been developed in recent years. However, resistance may develop against these new drugs in the future. In addition to developing new drugs, better bioavailable forms of old antifungal drugs are being produced, and a more bioavailable form of conventional itraconazole has been developed [58]. A better absorbed form (SUBA-itraconazole) of conventional itraconazole has been developed in fasted or fed healthy individuals. It has been shown that this new form of itraconazole is well tolerated in children and can be used for both the treatment and prevention of fungal infection [59]. Improvement was reported with the combination of ciclopiroxolamine and miconazole in a pediatric patient with extensive tinea corporis due to resistance to terbinafine and azoles [50]. In vitro studies on Trichophyton species have reported that efinaconazole, terbinafine, luliconazole, itraconazole, tavaborole, and itraconazole have synergistic effects [60].
Topical ketoconazole: a systematic review of current dermatological applications and future developments
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Franchesca D. Choi, Margit L.W. Juhasz, Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
Comparing KTZ shampoo to other antifungal shampoos on the market has revealed interesting results. In two separate studies, patients significantly preferred 1.5% ciclopiroxolamine (43) or 1% pyrithione zinc (44) over 2% KTZ shampoo. However, clinical response using 2% KTZ shampoo twice weekly in 331 patients with severe scalp SD (73%) was superior to zinc pyrithione (67%) (45). Likewise, the use of 2% KTZ shampoo twice weekly for 4 weeks in 246 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD revealed statistically superior response compared to 2.5% selenium sulfide shampoo (46). Gels have also been studied for scalp SD. Two percent KTZ gel used twice weekly after hair washing had superior response rate compared to vehicle (47) and 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate lotion twice weekly (48) in two separate studies with a total 116 patients.
Majocchís granuloma on the genital area
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
C. Cuenca-Barrales, B. Espadafor-Lopez, R. Ruiz-Villaverde
A 32-year-old Caucasian woman with an unremarkable past medical history attended the Emergency Department of Hospital Universitario San Cecilio in Granada, Spain, complaining about a rash on her Mons pubis which had developed one month before. The patient admitted the eruption to be painful and sometimes suppurative. She had not had a fever or any other systemic symptoms, only an occasional low-grade fever. She had been put on a topical therapy by her general practitioner, including a combination of betamethasone and fusidic acid, acyclovir and ciclopirox olamine, with no improvement.