China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Leprosy (Hansen's Disease)
Published in Scott M. Jackson, Skin Disease and the History of Dermatology, 2023
Several skin conditions were discussed along with lepra in the medieval medical texts: alphus, leuce, scabies, psora, impetigo, vitiligo, albaras, white morphea, and black morphea. Albaras and morphea may have been synonyms. Morphea, a term used today to denote an uncommon skin condition characterized by localized or generalized skin thickening and loss of pigmentation, was generally believed to be a precursor of lepra in late medieval and Renaissance texts.41 Morphea is unrelated to HD, however; it is an autoimmune skin disease. As the modern dermatologist can attest, skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and scleroderma can be severely disfiguring. And the following entry from later editions of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (first edition, 1755) suggests that psoriasis was clearly confused with leprosy as late as the nineteenth century: Leprosy: A loathsome distemper, which covers the body with a kind of white scales.42
Use of Dermatologics during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Dermatologic disorders are frequent among pregnant women, but few conditions are unique to pregnancy. However, pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy, herpes gestationis (pemphigoid gestationis), prurigo of pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestatis of pregnancy, impetigo herpatiformis, pruritic folliculitis, and papular dermatitis of pregnancy are unique to pregnancy. Various dermatologic preparations are available for local and systemic use, some of which are available over the counter. Most of these agents can be used with little or no risk to the unborn child, EXCEPT FOR THE RETINOIDS. Two of the most potent known human teratogens, etretinate and isotretinoin, are dermatologic drugs. Six major categories of dermatologic preparations are reviewed in this chapter: (1) Vitamin A derivatives, (2) antibiotics, (3) antifungals, (4) antiseborrheics, (5) adrenocorticosteroids, and (6) keratolytics, astringents, and defatting agents. Dermatologic conditions unique to pregnancy and common dermatologic conditions that may occur during pregnancy are discussed under “Special Considerations.”
Psychocutaneous Disorders
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Kristen Russomanno, Vesna M. Petronic-Rosic
Laboratory studies: Primary delusion of parasitosis is a diagnosis of exclusion, and other etiologies of abnormal skin sensation must be ruled out. A thorough physical examination should be performed to evaluate for a true infestation (e.g., scabies, pediculosis). Skin scrapings prepared with mineral oil may aid in the detection of organisms. Microscopic examination of patient-provided skin samples may be performed to confirm the lack of organisms. Although rarely required, a skin biopsy may be necessary if there is a concern for an alternative dermatologic diagnosis.
Strategies to maximize clinical efficiency while maintaining patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interview-based study from private practice dermatologists
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Kaitlyn M. Yim, Rebecca M. Yim, Sara Gaspard, Jamie MacDougall, April W. Armstrong
California, the most populous state in the U.S., has the highest number of confirmed COVID-19 cases to date (2). Within California, Los Angeles County by far comprises the highest percentage of these cases at more than 35% of the state total (6). The government of California issued a stay-at-home order in March 2020. This was loosened in May 2020, however cases in California continue to rise. Due to the dynamic nature of the COVID-19 pandemic in California and the large number of people impacted by it, dermatologists in this region have been tasked with balancing efficiency, efficacy, and safety in their practices. In this study, private practice dermatologists working in metropolitan areas mainly within the Southern California region were interviewed about how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their practices and how they have responded. This paper will summarize various strategies dermatologists have implemented to continue to treat dermatologic conditions effectively and maintain productivity, while prioritizing the safety of providers, staff, and patients.
Efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser and tranexamic acid versus microneedling and tranexamic acid in the treatment of infraorbital hyperpigmentation
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Reza Ghandehari, Reza M. Robati, Nasim Niknezhad, Nastaran Hajizadeh, Zohreh Tehranchinia
POH can be a significant cosmetic problem, but there is not enough attention to this issue in the literature and the need for further researches is quite notable. Previous studies have evaluated various types of lasers for treatment of pigmentary disorders with different effects, e.g. Q-switched lasers, pulsed-dye lasers, traditional ablative lasers, ablative fractional lasers, and non-ablative fractional lasers. Resurfacing lasers, e.g. carbon dioxide (CO2) or erbium:YAG can be efficient therapeutic options for the treatment of the patients with POH complaints. They have many effects on target tissue such as stimulating collagen production, tightening of skin, and pigment lightening (4–7). Microneedling is a novel therapeutic modality in dermatology. Dermatologists employ it for the treatment of multiple cosmetic and dermatologic conditions as a relatively low cost and minimally invasive tool. The basis of microneedling relies on physical trauma. It is shown that the trauma generated by needle penetration into the skin can induce regeneration of the dermis (8). In addition, microneedling increases the penetration of various topical medications through skin barriers (9). Several surveys have also been assessed the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TA), which alleviates ultraviolet radiation-induced melanogenesis and neovascularization by inhibiting plasminogen activation (10).
A brief guide to pustular psoriasis for primary care providers
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Jeffrey J. Crowley, David M. Pariser, Paul S. Yamauchi
Primary care providers have a vital role in psoriasis care, and it is important that they are familiar with all the clinical presentations of psoriasis, including pustular psoriasis. Although rare, the potential severity of GPP, PPP, and ACH – and their consequences – should not be underestimated. Because primary care providers are unlikely to encounter many patients with pustular psoriasis sub-types, unfamiliarity inevitably renders evaluation and diagnosis difficult. Thus, primary care providers should not hesitate to contact a dermatologist for help, and prompt patient referral. Patients should be educated about pustular psoriasis, and advised of any advancements in treatment. In addition, primary care providers can help to avoid the overuse of systemic corticosteroids in psoriasis, as even a single course of corticosteroids (oral or intramuscular) can trigger a pustular psoriasis flare in individuals who are predisposed to these conditions.