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Management of the Hearing-Impaired Child
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
In general, unilateral hearing loss can be managed conservatively, and bilateral moderate hearing loss requires auditory rehabilitation (e.g. hearing aid). Surgery should only be undertaken by dedicated otologists with experience of complex middle ear reconstruction and should be preceded by an adequate trial of amplification.
Cranial Neuropathies I, V, and VII–XII
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Vestibular dysfunction usually presents with symptoms of vertigo, which is an illusion of motion in the form of a spinning or whirling sensation. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, oscillopsia, hearing loss, and tinnitus. The presence of associated unilateral hearing loss or fullness in the ear suggests inner ear pathology. Signs and symptoms referable to the brainstem, CNs, or cerebellum are indicative of a central lesion.37
Hearing Aids for the Pediatric Population
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Katia de Almeida, Maria Cecíli Martinelli
Although the effect of unilateral hearing loss may not be as devastating as that caused by a bilateral loss, it should be emphasized that unilateral losses can lead to many difficulties, especially in children. Children with unilateral losses find it more difficult to understand speech in the presence of noise or in reverberant environments even when the good ear is positioned toward speech (Downs, 1988).
Do all infants with congenital hearing loss meet the 1-3-6 criteria? A study of a 10-year cohort from a universal newborn hearing screening programme in Singapore
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Joanna Z. T. Tang, Pick Gate Ng, Jenny H. Y. Loo
The degree of hearing loss for each infant’s individual ear was determined based on the averaged 4 frequencies (i.e. 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz) thresholds (4FA) obtained from diagnostic auditory brainstem response (ABR) assessment. Between 2000 and 2010, clinical diagnosis was based on click and tone-burst stimuli (Medelec Synergy Plinth), but results from later years were obtained using click and narrow-band CE-Chirps stimuli (Eclipse EP 25 Module). The degree of hearing loss from the better ear was used in cases of bilateral hearing loss, and from the ear with hearing loss for cases of unilateral hearing loss. The 4FA value was classified as: mild (21 to 40 dB HL), moderate (41 to 70 dB HL), severe (71 to 90 dB HL) or profound (>90 dB HL) loss. Tympanometry-1000 Hz (GSI TympStar,) results and the type of hearing loss (i.e. sensorineural, conductive, or mixed) were also recorded for individual ears.
Using a decision tree approach to determine hearing aid ownership in older adults
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Yvonne Tran, Diana Tang, Catherine McMahon, Paul Mitchell, Bamini Gopinath
Although audiometric results from both better and worse ear hearing loss were entered in the CART model, the resulting model selected only better ear frequencies. This indicates that it was bilateral hearing loss frequencies as opposed to unilateral hearing loss, that were indicators for HA ownership. This may have clinical implications for hearing aid fittings and whether it is the need for two HAs or innovations that enhance bilateral hearing that may provide the effectiveness required to encourage and motivate HA uptake and use, needs further investigation. It is also likely for those with unilateral hearing loss that the remaining function in the contralateral ear might compensate for some of the hearing difficulties experienced. The impacts of unilateral hearing loss on hearing handicap have previously been shown to be less when compared with bilateral hearing loss, especially for the social and emotional domains [38].
Salivary Gland Choristoma in External Auditory Canal: A Case Report
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2023
Vijayashree Raghavan, Pooja E Moorthy, Sudha Srinivasan
Salivary gland choristomas in the middle ear can be associated with abnormalities in the second or less frequently the first branchial arch. They are a developmental defect, though the exact cause is not known [2]. A possible pathogenesis includes an ectopic expansion of submandibular epithelium or pharyngeal endoderm [3]. The first case of salivary gland choristoma of middle ear was reported by Taylor and Martin in 1961 [4], following which a total of 41 cases have been subsequently reported according to Ziari et al [3]. Often the middle ear mass is located behind the tympanic membrane and compresses the nearby structures such as cochlear and vestibular nerve. These patients present with a unilateral hearing loss. It can also be associated with branchial cleft and facial nerve palsies [2]. Histologically, the lesion is composed of salivary gland tissue with both serous and mucinous glands (submandibular gland).