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The future of brain stimulation for seizure control
Published in Hans O Lüders, Deep Brain Stimulation and Epilepsy, 2020
The cochlear implant has gone through a series of stages in its development. Advances in materials and electronic technology have been as essential as advances in the clinical sci ences and neurosciences in leading to the current devices and to future devices that are under development.
Music Therapy as Specific and Complementary Training in the Early Rehabilitation of Adult Cochlear Implant Users: Insights from the “Heidelberg Model”
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Heike Argstatter, Elisabeth Hutter
Improving access to rehabilitation services will foster social participation and promote vocational opportunities for people with hearing loss. The principal objective of cochlear implants is to improve the processing of auditory stimuli, especially speech and language skills. In addition to improved speech perception, implanted participants reported increased mobility, independence, high self-esteem, better social relationships with family and/or friends, increase in personal income, improved general functioning, and less isolation and withdrawal from society (Kochkin and Rogin, 2000).
Common otology viva topics
Published in Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Advanced ENT Training, 2019
Cochlear implant surgery is performed on appropriately assessed and consented patients. A facial nerve monitor must be used. A post-auricular incision is made, a cortical mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy are drilled, and the round window niche is exposed. In some implants, a bed is fashioned below temporalis, and the implant package is placed in this bed. The round window membrane is opened or alternatively a cochleostomy is drilled, and the implant is inserted into the cochlea slowly to maximise the chance of preserving any residual acoustic hearing. Electrophysiological testing may be undertaken at the time of surgery or at a later date.
The effect of cochlear implant age and duration of intervention on ESRT in children with cochlear implant
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2023
Yashika Tyagi, Indranil Chatterjee
Cochlear implant is an implanted electronic hearing device, developed to produce efficient hearing sensations to a person with severe to profound nerve deafness by electrically stimulating auditory nerve. Cochlear implants consist of two main constituents, the externally worn microphone, sound processor and the implanted receiver and electrode system, the signals from the external system are delivered to the inner ear and these electric signals stimulate the nerve, which then sends a signal to the brain. New implant devices have a magnet that grasps the external structure in place next to the implanted internal system. The external component of the device may be worn exclusively at the back of the ear or its constituents may be worn in a belt pouch, pocket, or harness. The cochlear implant mimics natural hearing, where sound generates an electric current that excites the auditory nerve.
Electrode impedances in children with cochlear implants: Comparison between intra-operative Switch ON and post-operative Switch ON
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2023
K. R. Meghanadh, Udit Saxena, S. B. Rathna Kumar, Gish Chacko, Vikas N, Sandhra S, Gunjan Mehta
Usual clinical practice does cochlear implant Switch-ON on three to five weeks of implantation. We, at our hospitals, initiated this intra-operative Switch ON 10 years with the hypothesis that, early switch ON leads to the continuous flow of electric current around the electrodes, which will lead to low electrode impedances, also as it creates better electrode-tissue interface (for good electrode interaction with the site of contact). We have completed more than 250 individuals for whom the Cochlear implant was switched ON during surgery. Apart from good impedances and fast speech, language development, and no child yet with no contra-indication, except eight kids who have developed skin congestion overlying the transmitter coil magnet, which was due to strong magnet and thin skin. However, this happened between the 2nd and 6th week and was taken care of by local antibiotic cream and reduction of magnet strength.
Cochlear implant outcomes in patients with Meniere’s disease: a large case series
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2022
Hala Kanona, Cillian Forde, Anne M. Van Rooyen, Peter Keating, Jane Bradley, Alfonso Luca Pendolino, Nishchay Mehta, Joseph G. Manjaly, Sherif Khalil, Jeremy Lavy, Shakeel R. Saeed, Azhar Shaida
Cochlear implant performance is dependent on a number of factors such as duration of deafness, age at implantation, patient motivation and primary mode of communication. Although groups were matched for age, biological sex and device type, there are likely to have been discrepancies between the MD and control groups that may have influenced auditory performance. We also appreciate that following switch-on, most mapping requirements will generally increase for up to a period of 6 weeks; however, attempts were made to correct for this in each group through the calculation of expected visits based on the hospital protocol. In addition, there may have also been inherently differing rates of dizziness/vertigo within the control group necessitating an increase in audiology visits. Although the results demonstrate better overall speech scores within the MD group, this may have been secondary to better pre-operative hearing thresholds or better levels of residual hearing post-implantation. Ideally, follow-up between groups should have also been matched (in addition to age, biological sex and electrode design), but due to relatively low numbers, this was not possible.