China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Acute Acoustic Trauma and Blast-Related Hearing Loss
Published in Mansoor Khan, David Nott, Fundamentals of Frontline Surgery, 2021
Jameel Muzaffar, Christopher Coulson, Jonathan D. E. Lee, Linda E. Orr
Acute hearing injuries may occur alone or as part of multisystem trauma, and acute acoustic trauma (AAT) should be suspected in any patient exposed to blast or who have sustained a blast injury to any part of their body. The severity of the hearing injury experienced may vary widely from a conductive hearing loss caused by tympanic membrane rupture or middle ear disruption, to sensorineural loss due to acoustic overexposure, temporal bone fracture, or any combination of these.
Ear trauma
Published in S. Musheer Hussain, Paul White, Kim W Ah-See, Patrick Spielmann, Mary-Louise Montague, ENT Head & Neck Emergencies, 2018
Ear defenders can prevent acoustic trauma: ear protection in the form of ear plugs or earmuffs is nowadays a legal requirement in industries with high background noise levels. Industries should also ensure employees are exposed to a maximum daily noise level of 85 dB(A) for less than 8 hours. In those with permanent SNHL, hearing aids should be considered.
The Role of the Audiologist in Life Care Planning
Published in Roger O. Weed, Debra E. Berens, Life Care Planning and Case Management Handbook, 2018
William D. Mustain, Carolyn Wiles Higdon
In older children (and adults), one of the most preventable is noise-induced hearing loss. Most people will have reduced hearing as they grow older (especially after the age of 60); however, there are things individuals can do to try to preserve their hearing. Noise-induced hearing loss, once called “blacksmith's deafness” from the continual clanging of metal on metal, dates back hundreds of years. During World War II, it received much more attention because of the heavy artillery used in the war. Acoustic trauma from a single exposure may cause permanent hearing loss. Gradual hearing loss from repeated exposure to excessive sound can damage or destroy the delicate hair cells in the cochlea. Hearing conservation programs and hearing research programs (ASHA, 2006) have developed public education campaigns to alert people, especially adolescents and teenagers, to the damage caused to hearing with loud music. Wearing ear plugs or ear muffs to help block the loud sounds or music, limiting the time of an iPod session with breaks to allow your hearing to rest, and keeping the volume reduced are just a few suggestions included in a hearing conservation program. Table 10.3 shows the readers the decibel levels of some of the most common environmental sounds, and Table 10.4 lists the decibel levels of some musical instruments, as well as some types of music. Table 10.5 shows the noise exposure of sound in decibels for certain periods of time that may create hearing risk.
The α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: a compelling drug target for hearing loss?
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2022
Prevention remains the best option for limiting the effects of acoustic trauma produced by exposure to loud sounds. This requires education, regulations, legislation, and workplace noise policy enforcement. A prospective, randomized controlled assessment of the short- and long-term efficacy of a hearing conservation education program in Canadian elementary school children has shown that a community-based health promotion project around hearing loss aids students to develop their knowledge and skills in health advocacy, highlighting the importance of hearing protection education [37]. Moreover, a Cochrane systematic review has shown that enforcement of legislation and better implementation of occupational hearing loss prevention programs can reduce noise levels in workplaces [38]. However, not all countries have and/or enforce hearing protection regulation programs [39].
Change in gene expression levels of GABA, glutamate and neurosteroid pathways due to acoustic trauma in the cochlea
Published in Journal of Neurogenetics, 2021
Meltem Cerrah Gunes, Murat Salih Gunes, Alperen Vural, Fatma Aybuga, Arslan Bayram, Keziban Korkmaz Bayram, Mehmet Ilhan Sahin, Muhammet Ensar Dogan, Sevda Yesim Ozdemir, Yusuf Ozkul
Acoustic trauma causes damage to the peripheral and central auditory system. Glutamate excitotoxicity damages the auditory SGNs causing loss of postsynaptic terminals and cell dysfunction (Kujawa & Liberman, 2015). Excitation generated by glutamatergic neurons is compensated by cortical inhibition (Froemke, 2015). One week after the noise exposure, especially ipsilateral elevation of the number of GABAergic interneurons containing the calcium-binding protein Parvalbumin(PV) was observed and this was thought to be a compensatory mechanism (C. Liu et al., 2018). Neurosteroids take part in the regulation of neuronal function by modulating the expression of GABAA and NMDA receptor subgroups (Compagnone & Mellon, 2000). To elucidate this relationship in glutamate, GABA and neurosteroid pathways in acoustic trauma, we investigated mice exposed to intense noise and examined expressions of related genes in the cochlea.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of elderly patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Yan Huafeng, Wang Hongqin, Zuo Wenna, Liu Yuan, Xu Peng
A consecutive series of elderly SSHL cases who visited our hospital from January 2014 to January 2019 were enrolled in the study. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) acute onset of sensorineural hearing loss of at least 30 dB at three consecutive frequencies within 72 h; (2) unilateral SSHL; (3) aged ≥60 years. Exclusion criteria: 1. Tumors, e.g. acoustic neuroma; 2. retrocochlear disease; 3. Meniere’s disease; 4. Acoustic trauma; 5. barotrauma; 6. uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes unsuitable for systemic steroid therapy. A consecutive series of younger cases who had unilateral SSHL treated at our hospital were selected as controls. The inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were the same as those of elderly SSHN except that they were aged 18–59 years old. Those with bilateral SSHL were excluded since bilateral SSHL had may have a different prognosis [7].